α‐(N,N‐Dimethylamino)Phenylacetonitrile

Taylor, H. M.; Hauser, Charles R.

doi:10.1002/0471264180.os043.09

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Sodium bisulfite can react with certain ketones and aromatic alcohols to add a sulfonic acid or amine [ 45 , 46 ]. The potential reactions of bisulfite with the alcohol or ketone functionality would destroy the conjugation of the system and result in a dye that displays blue shifted absorbance bands.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical studies of the solution phase reduction and stabilization of indigo tetrasulfonate in polyelectrolyte complexes

Hoene

Rivera

2017

Heliyon

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Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) and fluorescence spectroscopy have been used to characterize the polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) formed when potassium indigo tetrasulfonate (ITS) interacts with poly diallydimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) through columbic attraction in the presence of the reducing agent sodium bisulfite, NaHSO3. The PDADMAC facilitates both the reduction of the ITS and the stabilization of the reduced state of the ITS in an atmospheric oxygen environment. Dilutions of the dye solution show that the PEC is stable to dilutions of at least 1 to 1000. UV–vis studies indicate that the reduced ITS (ITSred) forms what is likely a J-aggregate in the presence of PDADMAC with an absorbance band red shifted from the normal absorbance band of reduced ITS by roughly 130 nm, 390 nm to 520 nm. Excitation of the PEC solution at either 390 nm or 520 nm produces an emission spectrum of the aggregated complex with an emission maximum near 534 nm. Monomer emission at 480 nm of ITSred represents only 3.0 ± 0.5% of the emission signal of the aggregated complex. Kinetic studies using fluorescence spectroscopy over a temperature range of 30 to 70 °C and dilutions of dye solutions ranging from 1:10 to 1:1000 yield data for the oxidation of ITSred that is best fit by a first order rate constant. Kinetic data displays two distinctive regimes, a short time rate and a long time rate. These two distinct kinetic regimes are likely due to the reduced ITS interacting with an outer PEC environment and an inner PEC environment. First order rate constants could be used to estimate Δ‡H and Δ‡S of the oxidation reaction. Fluorescence data was used to calculate the partitioning of reduced ITS molecules between the outer and inner PEC environments. Partitioning from the inner to outer PEC environment was found to be entropically driven. Addition of NaCl to the diluted dye solutions could alter the kinetics of the oxidation but the significance of the effect depended on the initial dye solution preparation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical studies of the solution phase reduction and stabilization of indigo tetrasulfonate in polyelectrolyte complexes

Hoene

Rivera

2017

Heliyon

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“…In Taylor's narrative, the politics of recognition emerges in response to the hostility to social difference embodied in the Enlightenment ideal of equal respect. 2 The egalitarianism of the Enlightenment reflects ethnocentric biases and is fundamentally oppressive in withholding public recognition from those particularities which are central to everyone's sense of personal identity and selfworth. 3 The politics of recognition aims at rectifying an injustice, but also, rather like the Marxist critique of alienation, with rectifying an ethical deficit in modern societies: their indifference, and even hostility to a particular sort of intersubjectively constituted good -recognition -which is essential to one's sense of self-worth.…”

Section: Liberalism Difference and The Politics Of Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demanding Recognition

McBride

2009

European Journal of Political Theory

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This article argues that we must distinguish between two distinct currents in the politics of recognition, one centred on demands for equal respect which is consistent with liberal egalitarianism, and one which centres on demands for esteem made on behalf of particular groups which is at odds with egalitarian aims. A variety of claims associated with the politics of recognition are assessed and it is argued that these are readily accommodated within contemporary liberal egalitarian theory. It is argued that, pace Taylor, much of what passes for `identity' or recognition politics is driven by demands for equal respect, not by demands for esteem/affirmation. Given the inherently hierarchical nature of esteem recognition, no liberal state can consistently grant such recognition. Furthermore, these demands pose the risk of intensifying intergroup competition and chauvinism. Esteem recognition is valuable for individuals, but plays a problematic role for egalitarian politics.

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“…In other words, they want socialism, but they also want the Rights of Man. 2 On the other side stood the new 'right-wing' parties, central among which would be the Catholic parties. These too presented novelties.…”

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confidence: 99%

Anti-Liberalism and the Liberal Legacy in Postwar European Constitutionalism

Puppa

2008

European Journal of Political Theory

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Was liberalism really an outdated ideology in post-1945 European political systems, as claimed by some scholars? The great success of socialism on one side and various forms of Christian Democracy on the other could make that claim appear reasonable. In fact a closer view shows how postwar constitutions in some countries (Italy, France and Germany) presented once again fundamental liberal values, reformulated in different words. One of the roots of that difference is the gap between the Anglo-Saxon approach to liberalism, which takes into account history and communities, and the continental tradition of liberalism, linked to an abstract philosophical approach and highly dependent on long-standing struggles between Churches and the body politic.

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α‐(N,N‐Dimethylamino)Phenylacetonitrile

Abstract: α‐(N,N‐dimethylamino)phenylacetonitrile product: α‐(N,N‐dimethylamino)phenylacetonitrile

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Optical studies of the solution phase reduction and stabilization of indigo tetrasulfonate in polyelectrolyte complexes

Optical studies of the solution phase reduction and stabilization of indigo tetrasulfonate in polyelectrolyte complexes

Demanding Recognition

Anti-Liberalism and the Liberal Legacy in Postwar European Constitutionalism

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