ZXCOM: a software for computation of radiation sensing attributes

Eyecioğlu, Önder; Karabul, Yaşar; El-Khayatt, A.M.; İçelli, Orhan

doi:10.1080/10420150.2016.1263958

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The linear attenuation coefficient can be estimated from the ratio of the transmission intensity across the shielding material to the input intensity, which can be expressed mathematically by the Beer–Lambert relation [ 34 , 35 ]:

where

and

are the transmitted and input photon intensities, respectively; x is the thickness of the sample material. The mass attenuation coefficient ( μ m ) in square centimeters per gram can be estimated from the linear attenuation coefficient by dividing it by the density of the shielding material ( ρ ) [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ].

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The theoretical mass attenuation coefficient ( μ/ρ ) of a mixture and compound can be calculated according to the following relation [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]:

where

is the fraction by weight of the i th atomic element, and

is the mass attenuation of the i th atomic element.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The probability of photon interaction with the material can be characterized by the total atom cross section (

) and total electronic cross section (

) using the following relations [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]:

where

is the fraction by mole of the i th atomic element,

is the atomic weight of the i th atomic element,

is the atomic number, and

is Avogadro’s constant.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effective atomic number is an important parameter that characterizes the properties of the shielding material in terms of photon absorption and scatter interactions. The effective atomic number, which varies with energy, can be calculated from the ratio of the atomic and electronic cross sections by the following relation [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ].

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of ZnO, MgO, TiO2, and Na2O Modifiers on the Physical, Optical, and Radiation Shielding Properties of a TeTaNb Glass System

et al. 2022

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Novel glass samples with the composition 75TeO2–5Ta2O5–15Nb2O5–5x (where x = ZnO, MgO, TiO2, or Na2O) in mole percent were prepared. The physical, optical, and gamma radiation shielding properties of the glass samples were studied over a wide energy spectrum ranging between 0.015 and 20 MeV. The glasses’ UV–vis spectra were utilized to evaluate the optical energy gap and refractive index. Glass samples had a refractive index ranging from 2.2005 to 2.0967. The results showed that the sample doped with zinc oxide (ZnO) recorded the highest density (ρglass), molar polarizability (αm), molar refraction (Rm), refractive index (n), and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility (χ3) and the lowest optical energy gap (Eopt) among the samples under investigation. When comparing the current glass system with various standard glass shielding materials, the prepared glass system showed superior shielding performance at energies ranging between 40 and 85 keV. These findings indicate that the prepared glass systems can be used in diagnostic X-rays, especially in dental applications.

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where

and

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The theoretical mass attenuation coefficient ( μ/ρ ) of a mixture and compound can be calculated according to the following relation [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]:

where

is the fraction by weight of the i th atomic element, and

is the mass attenuation of the i th atomic element.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The probability of photon interaction with the material can be characterized by the total atom cross section (

) and total electronic cross section (

) using the following relations [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]:

where

is the fraction by mole of the i th atomic element,

is the atomic weight of the i th atomic element,

is the atomic number, and

is Avogadro’s constant.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of ZnO, MgO, TiO2, and Na2O Modifiers on the Physical, Optical, and Radiation Shielding Properties of a TeTaNb Glass System

et al. 2022

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“…A figura 4.8 mostra os gráficos que comparam valores de R/C comp para água e acrílico calculado pelo algoritmo proposto neste trabalho com os obtidos a partir do trabalho de Rao et al [34] e através do programa ZXCOM [21]. …”

Section: Algoritmo Para Determinação De Z R/c Efunclassified

Métodos Analíticos e Experimentais para Determinação do Número Atômico Efetivo

Gobo¹

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A composite material, formed by the mixture of several elements, can be conveniently described by, from the way the radiation interacts with it, as if it were formed by a factitious element with an effective atomic number (Z ef ).This parameter is not constant with the energy, however, can be considered as an useful tool for characterization of biological tissues, tissue-equivalent materials and dosimeters. Several ways for the determination of Z ef were proposed by the literature, among them, are the attenuation methods which are based on the total cross section (derived form the mass attenuation coefficient (µ/ρ)) and the scatter methods which are based on the ratio between the Rayleigh and Compton differential cross sections. In this work, were study ways to obtain Z ef experimentally and theoretically by two methods (attenuation and scattering) to fill the gaps in the literature. In the attenuation method µ/ρ was used as interaction coefficient which, in the author's knowledge, it hasn't been used. For this purpose, experimental arrangements to determine the density (ρ) and the linear attenuation coefficient properly. In the attenuation method, the arrangements for determining µ/ρ allowed to determine it with differences smaller than 6% when compared with the literature and uncertainties of 3.8% for 59.54 keV and up to 7% in the range of 15 to 45 keV.It has also been found that the method is suitable for determining Z ef for energies of up to 60 keV, because above that energy, the uncertainties in Z ef increases (more than 10%). In the scattering method, the arrangement for determining R/C made it possible to obtain measurements of R/C with less than 10% difference with the literature and uncertainties of 7% and it was verified that the momentum transfer range between 1 Å −1 and 2 Å −1 is suitable for determining Z ef (uncertainties less than 3 % uncertainty).

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