The Effect of ZnO, MgO, TiO2, and Na2O Modifiers on the Physical, Optical, and Radiation Shielding Properties of a TeTaNb Glass System

Abstract

Novel glass samples with the composition 75TeO2–5Ta2O5–15Nb2O5–5x (where x = ZnO, MgO, TiO2, or Na2O) in mole percent were prepared. The physical, optical, and gamma radiation shielding properties of the glass samples were studied over a wide energy spectrum ranging between 0.015 and 20 MeV. The glasses’ UV–vis spectra were utilized to evaluate the optical energy gap and refractive index. Glass samples had a refractive index ranging from 2.2005 to 2.0967. The results showed that the sample doped with zinc oxide (ZnO) recorded the highest density (ρglass), molar polarizability (αm), molar refraction (Rm), refractive index (n), and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility (χ3) and the lowest optical energy gap (Eopt) among the samples under investigation. When comparing the current glass system with various standard glass shielding materials, the prepared glass system showed superior shielding performance at energies ranging between 40 and 85 keV. These findings indicate that the prepared glass systems can be used in diagnostic X-rays, especially in dental applications.

Enhancement of Optical Telecommunication Bands: Pr3+-Doped Halide Phosphate Glasses Display Broadband NIR Photoluminescence Emission

“…The results obtained showed that the value of E opt is 4.72 ± 0.01 eV for PZBLPr glass. It has the highest value of E opt compared to tellurite glass and other glass doped with the Nd 3+ /Yb 3+ system that have been reported previously [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. This is due to the presence of Pr 3+ ions, which leads to an increase in both the width of the localized state in the forbidden gap and the density of electrons, therefore, increasing the probability of electronic transition from the valence band to the conduction band.…”

Physical and optical properties of ternary lead-bismuth tellurite glass

“…The oxygen molar volume ( OMV ) was calculated based on molar volume [ 38 ]: where n i and x i in equation (11) represent the fraction of the oxygen atoms in each element and the molar fraction of the oxides of the fabricated glasses, respectively. One of the significant parameters to study the compactness and the tightness of the oxide network of the prepared glasses is through calculating oxygen packing density ( OPD ) using equation (12) [ 39 , 40 ]: where O n represents the number of oxygen atoms in the glass system and it can be calculated as follows: …”

Luminescence and Gamma Spectroscopy of Phosphate Glass Doped with Nd3+/Yb3+ and Their Multifunctional Applications

“…Our group study, in Ref. [10], de-tailed the experimental setup utilized for detecting the incident and transmission radiation intensities in Figure 1.…”