Zur intestinalen Spaltung von Oligosacchariden

Täufel, K.; Krause, W.; Ruttloff, H.; Maune, R.

doi:10.1007/bf02043606

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…For the first requirement we adopted the reports of others where sugar digestion and absorption in the intestines are described (2,3,5,8,9). their phosphate esters had no activity.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Based on the literature (5, 6, 9), raffinose, stachyose, and oligo-to poly-saccharides of inulin may not be digested nor absorbed in the small intestine, and they may pass into the ileum and large intestine. But oligosaccharides of dextran hydrolysate may be digested by intestinal enzymes, for they have been reported to be digested in rat intestine (9), and, furthermore, the disaccharide (isomaltose) has been reported to be digested by human intestinal enzymes (3). Efficiency of sugars (10, 11): Growth activity to B. infantis per monosaccharide mole of raffinose was almost equal to that of glucose or lactose (Table 3).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Search for Sugar Sources for Selective Increase of Bifidobacteria

Yazawa

Tamura

1982

Bifidobacteria Microflora

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We searched for sugar sources which agree with the selectivity and efficiency of growth of bifidobacteria. Among the sugars tested, raffinose, stachyose, inulin oligomers (4-to 25-saccharides) and dextran oligomers (3-to 5-saccharides) were found to be used by Bifidobacterium infantis and not by Escherichia coli , Streptococcus faecalis nor Lactobacillus acidophilus. Raffinose, stachyose and inulin oligomers (4-to 25-saccharides) showed almost equal growth activities to B . infantis, and the generation time using each sugar was about 1 .0 hr as short as with use of lactose . Raffinose showed a high rate of consumption by B . infantis or B. adolescentis without dependence on the preculture sugar. However , consumption of stachyose, inulin oligomer and inulin was dependent on the preculture sugar . These results indicate that raffinose is the most suitable sugar source for bifidobacteria among the sugars tested, therefore we administered raffinose to conventional mice along with food and found that B. infantis was predominantly implanted (more than 1010.5 viable cells/g feces) in five mice in ten.

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“…For the first requirement we adopted the reports of others where sugar digestion and absorption in the intestines are described (2,3,5,8,9). their phosphate esters had no activity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Search for Sugar Sources for Selective Increase of Bifidobacteria

Yazawa

Tamura

1982

Bifidobacteria Microflora

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“…In eigenen Versuchen in vivo und in vitro bei Mensch und Ratte ist dies z. B. fiir a-r,6-Oligoglucoside, Saccharose, Lactose, Lactulose, Melibiose, Raffinose, Stachyose und Verbascose gezeigt worden [4] ; der intakte Obertritt verkleisterter Stiirke ist ebenfalls erwiesen [5]. Physiologisch [S].…”

Section: Taufelunclassified

“…Diese Frage steht m. W. noch zur Diskussion. Geht man von der bereits erwahnten intakten Resorption von Di-, Triund hoheren Sacchariden am, die unverandert auf der serosalen Seite nachweisbar sind [4]. dann ist diese Moglichkeit zu verneinen.…”

Section: Meinbranlokalisievle Vorgangeunclassified

Forschungsergebnisse auf dem Gebiet von Nahrung und Ernährung, ausgewählt aus dem neueren Schrifttum. 6. Mitt. Verdauung und Resorption von Kohlenhydraten

Täufel

1969

Nahrung

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Forschungsergebnisse auf dem Gebiet von Nahrung und Ernahrung, ausgewahlt aus dem neueren Schrifttum. 6. Mitt. Verdauung und Resorption von Kohlenhydraten' I<. TAUFEL DK 612.396.015.32Kohlenhydrat-Stoffwechscl Verdauung, Resorption Das Darmepithel ist nach den Forschungsergebnissen der letzten Jahrzehnte, wie bereits in der 5. Mitt. dargestellt, nicht nur als ein resorbierendes Gewebe zu betrachten, es hat vielmehr gleichzeitig hydrolatische (digestive) und aufbauende (biosynthetische) Vorgange zu vollziehen, die teils an der Oberflache (Membran), teils ini Inncren der Zelle lokalisiert sind; daD sich in der Mucosa auch sonst sehr intensive metabolische Prozesse abspielen, ist bekannt; es sei nur daran erinnert, da13 eine extrem rasche Neubildung des ganzen Epithelgewebes innerhalb von 3-6 Tagen erfolgt: 1-2 Zellen je IOO Zellen werden in I h reproduziert [I]. Auch der lebhafte Citronensaure-Cyclus z. B. im mucosalen Gewebe ist Ausdruck seiner sehr grooen metabolischen Aktivitat [ 2 ] .Verdauung und Resorption spielen sich, wie bereits eriirtert, intraluminal, membranverankert und intramucosal ab [3]. Von dieser Dreiteilung geht hier die Darstellung des Standes der Kenntnisse iiber den Umsatz der Kohlenhydrate aus; skizzierend sol1 dabei neben dem Problem der ,,Maldigestion" auch dasjenige der ,,Malabsorption" in biochemisch/physiologischer und pathologischer Beziehung erortert werden, die generell giiltige Erkenntnis auswertend, da13 patho-physiologische Fragestellungen des Stoffwechsels prinzipiell als Bilanzproblcme anzusehen sind und als Storungen der metabolischen Homoostase in Erscheinung treten. Eine solche Betrachtungsweise vermittelt zugleich wertvolle Einblicke in das stoff-wechselmaOige Zusammenspiel der Kohlenhydrate mit den Lipiden, Proteinen, gcwissen Wirkstoffen usw.Alimentar und ins Gewicht fallend, spielen aus der vielgestaltigen Gruppe der nativen Homound Heterosaccharide nur relativ wenige Vertreter eine Rolle. Dabei darf aber nicht iibersehen werden, daB im IntermedCarstoffwechselund wohl mittelbar oder unmittclbar auch auf dem Weg der Nahrungszufuhrzusatzlich spezielle Verbindungen (Ribose, Desoxyribose, Glycerinaldehyd, Heptose usw.auch in abgewandelter Form) mit wichtigen Funktionen produziert werden. Die Eriirterungen iiber Vcrdauung und Resorption der Saccharide sollen hier sich auf die Betrachtung der in Tab. I genannten Vertreter beschranken. 5. Mitt. Nahrung 12, 8, 873 (1968). Die Nahrung, 13. Jhg., Heft 3 rg

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Flatulence caused by soya and its control through processing

Rackis

1981

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Elimination of flatulence is a challenging practical problem associated with the comsumption of soybeans as well as other food legumes and other selected foodstuffs. The problem is compounded by the variability in susceptibility among individuals. Research has established that the oligosaccharides—verbascose, stachyose, and raffinose—are the major cause of soybean flatulence. They escape digestion and are fermented by intestinal microflora to form excessive amounts of carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Hot water treatment, aqueous alcohol extraction, and isoelectric protein precipitation processes have been adapted to produce flatus‐free products commercially. At the household level, soaking combined with germination appears to be a practical means of producing soybean sprouts having low flatus activity. Food legumes, which include some oil‐seeds, peas, and beans, as well as selected vegetables, contain enough of the oligosaccharides—verbascose, stachyose, raffinose—to be a major cause of flatulence in humans and animals. In the absence of alpha‐galactosidases in the mammalian intestinal mucosa, these oligosaccharides escape digestion and are not absorbed. As a consequence, the active microflora in the ileum, colon, and fecal matter of the large intestine ferment them to form excessive levels of rectal gas, primarily carbon dioxide and hydrogen. In some instances, undigested starch and other carbohydrates contribute to the flatulent effect of diets. With 70% of the world's population being lactase‐deficient (hypolactasia), susceptibility to flatulence would be more widespread with diets containing both food legumes and milk products. Use of food additives, antibiotics, and phenolic compounds to inhibit flatulence is not a practical approach. However, soya processing technology used to manufacture protein concentrates and isolates can be adapted to produce flatus‐free products from other food legumes. Hot water treatment, aqueous alcohol extraction, or isoelectric protein precipitation insolubilizes most of the protein and removes the oligosaccharides. Tempeh and tofu are two other soya products that exhibit little or no flatus activity. Soaking, fermentation, enzymatic hydrolysis, and germination can also be used to eliminate oligosaccharides. Tests with humans and rats indicate that a combination of such processes can be used to reduce flatus activity. The beneficial effects of germination on flatulence, often conflicting and contradictory, have been attributed to failure to control conditions that ensure removal of most of the oligossaccharides. Whether the high‐molecular‐weight soybean polysaccharides (dietary fiber), which normally do not cause flatulence, can be modified during germination to become substrates for flatus production by the intestinal microflora is not known. Such an effect could compensate for the loss of stachyose and raffinose.

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Zur intestinalen Spaltung von Oligosacchariden

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Search for Sugar Sources for Selective Increase of Bifidobacteria

Search for Sugar Sources for Selective Increase of Bifidobacteria

Forschungsergebnisse auf dem Gebiet von Nahrung und Ernährung, ausgewählt aus dem neueren Schrifttum. 6. Mitt. Verdauung und Resorption von Kohlenhydraten

Flatulence caused by soya and its control through processing

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