Zr–La Doped Sulfated Titania with a by Far Better Catalytic Activity and Stability than Pure Sulfated Titania in the Esterification of Acetic Acid and n-Butanol

Novel mesoporous TiO2(B) whisker-supported sulfated solid superacid with unique acid characteristics and catalytic performances

“…By comparison, SO4 2-/TiO2(B) shows obviously lower decline in reaction rate than SO4 2-/Anatase, which could be related to the less mass loss caused by easy separation of SO4 2-/TiO2(B). The leach of sulfate groups away from solid superacid also cannot be excluded to influence their decrease in reaction rates [4,9]. Anyhow, SO4 2-/TiO2(B) could show significantly better stability than SO4 2-/Anatase in the present studies.…”

“…The improvements in geometrical factors of support were preliminarily considered for mediating the acid properties of solid superacid and simultaneously endowing them with some new physical functions. For instance, enlarging surface area of support could increase the adsorption amount of acidic precursors, which benefited the formation of more number of acid sites in corresponding solid superacid A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T [8][9][10]. Moreover, constructing mesoporous framework of support can effectively promote the mass transfer of reactants and resultants [11][12][13][14].…”

Synthesis of SO42−/TiO2–ZnAl2O4composite solid acids as the esterification catalysts

“…7 However, pure SO 4 2À /TiO 2 catalysts usually suffer from rapid deactivation and low life despite their high initial activities, which is mainly due to the loss of sulfur species and carbon deposition. 8,9 Therefore, development of acid catalysts for liquid reaction is still a challenge from the view of not only high activity but also stability and life. /TiO 2 -M x O y composite solid acids because of the apparent improvement in catalytic activities and reusability.…”

“…/TiO 2 -M x O y composite solid acids because of the apparent improvement in catalytic activities and reusability. [8][9][10][11] In our previous study, the ZnAl 2 O 4 spinel-type oxide was used successfully to obtain the sulfated ZnAl 2 O 4 solid acid which has the advantage of easy preparation, single crystal shape, stable structure and good performance in acetic esterication. [12][13][14] It is therefore expected that using the ZnAl 2 O 4 spinel-type oxide as M x O y to synthesize the SO 4 2À /TiO 2 -M x O y composite may result in interesting properties and catalytic activities.…”

Optimization of catalytic activity of sulfated titania for efficient synthesis of isoamyl acetate by response surface methodology

“…Among these catalysts, sulfated titania has attracted extensive attentions due to advantages such as stability, easy handling, and environmental friendly. Furthermore, it contains both Bronsted and Lewis acid sites at the same time which are responsible for its significant catalytic activity in reactions such as isomerization, acylation, esterification, alkylation, and catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”