Zoonotic Disease Programs for Enhancing Global Health Security

Belay, Ermias D.; Kile, James C.; Hall, Aron J.; Barton-Behravesh, Casey; Parsons, Michele B.; Salyer, Stephanie J.; Walke, Henry

doi:10.3201/eid2313.170544

Cited by 106 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Ecological, environmental and anthropogenic factors might contribute intensively to the recent zoonotic outbreaks of NiV [12,13]. Anthropogenic factors have led to an emergence of viral diseases by creating a drastic imbalance in the ecosystem and the environment.…”

Section: Of 15mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Outbreaks of various zoonotic viruses occur as a result of the influence of several factors including human-to-human contact and animal interaction with severe environmental changes [11]. Ecological, environmental and anthropogenic factors might contribute intensively to the recent zoonotic outbreaks of NiV [12,13]. Anthropogenic factors have led to an emergence of viral diseases by creating a drastic imbalance in the ecosystem and the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nipah Virus: Past Outbreaks and Future Containment

Pillai

Krishna

Veettil

2020

Viruses

121

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Viral outbreaks of varying frequencies and severities have caused panic and havoc across the globe throughout history. Influenza, small pox, measles, and yellow fever reverberated for centuries, causing huge burden for economies. The twenty-first century witnessed the most pathogenic and contagious virus outbreaks of zoonotic origin including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Ebola virus, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Nipah virus. Nipah is considered one of the world's deadliest viruses with the heaviest mortality rates in some instances. It is known to cause encephalitis, with cases of acute respiratory distress turning fatal. Various factors contribute to the onset and spread of the virus. All through the infected zone, various strategies to tackle and enhance the surveillance and awareness with greater emphasis on personal hygiene has been formulated. This review discusses the recent outbreaks of Nipah virus in Malaysia, Bangladesh and India, the routes of transmission, prevention and control measures employed along with possible reasons behind the outbreaks, and the precautionary measures to be ensured by private-public undertakings to contain and ensure a lower incidence in the future.

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Section: Of 15mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nipah Virus: Past Outbreaks and Future Containment

Pillai

Krishna

Veettil

2020

Viruses

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Several countries have conducted One Health prioritization exercises to identify their major zoonotic diseases ( 10 ), a critical step in efforts to control endemic zoonotic diseases ( 11 ). Ethiopia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Georgia are all developing successful integrated zoonotic prevention and control programs ( 12 ).…”

Section: Preventmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and Opportunities for Strengthening Global Health Security

Angulo¹,

Cassell²,

Tappero³

et al. 2017

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases are a significant public and animal health threat, and their early detection and immediate response are crucial for their control. The detection of an outbreak or an increase of cases of a zoonotic disease (e.g., West Nile Fever, Brucellosis) in animals could be the first signal for public health authorities to start the implementation of prevention programs [1][2][3]. The analyses of animal surveillance data might therefore be of paramount importance for public health authorities to identify the appropriate control measure and intervention strategies in case of epidemics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EpiExploreR: A Shiny Web Application for the Analysis of Animal Disease Data

et al. 2019

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Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases are a significant public and animal health threat. In some zoonosis, the early detection of virus spread in animals is a crucial early warning for humans. The analyses of animal surveillance data are therefore of paramount importance for public health authorities to identify the appropriate control measure and intervention strategies in case of epidemics. The interaction among host, vectors, pathogen and environment require the analysis of more complex and diverse data coming from different sources. There is a wide range of spatiotemporal methods that can be applied as a surveillance tool for cluster detection, identification of risk areas and risk factors and disease transmission pattern evaluation. However, despite the growing effort, most of the recent integrated applications still lack of managing simultaneously different datasets and at the same time making available an analytical tool for a complete epidemiological assessment. In this paper, we present EpiExploreR, a user-friendly, flexible, R-Shiny web application. EpiExploreR provides tools integrating common approaches to analyze spatiotemporal data on animal diseases in Italy, including notified outbreaks, surveillance of vectors, animal movements data and remotely sensed data. Data exploration and analysis results are displayed through an interactive map, tables and graphs. EpiExploreR is addressed to scientists and researchers, including public and animal health professionals wishing to test hypotheses and explore data on surveillance activities.Microorganisms 2019, 7, 680 2 of 23 environmental component involves the use of data, which although widely available nowadays, are unstructured and extremely large.All this makes such data of limited use if not converted through proper data management and analytical methods that can handle the heterogeneous datasets, transforming these into information useful to decision and policy makers [12,13].However, as new data and computational resources have become available, a wide range of spatial and spatiotemporal methods have been developed for early outbreak detection, cluster detection, identification of risk areas and risk factors and disease transmission pattern evaluation [14][15][16][17]. The application of these increasingly complex statistical methods is fortunately facilitated by the growing development of the open-source community, among which the most widespread and popular is certainly R [18], a programming language and free software environment for statistical computing and graphics. Several R-packages (e.g., surveillance, sp, rSaTScan, network, tsna, igraph) [19][20][21][22][23][24] have been made available to researchers, but their use still requires adequate programming and statistical skills to write down codes and to perform the analysis effectively.To overcome this lack in technical skills, desktop and web applications have been developed, providing analysis tools ready to use for researchers and public and animal health professionals [25-30]. Among ...

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Zoonotic Disease Programs for Enhancing Global Health Security

Cited by 106 publications

References 12 publications

Nipah Virus: Past Outbreaks and Future Containment

Nipah Virus: Past Outbreaks and Future Containment

Progress and Opportunities for Strengthening Global Health Security

EpiExploreR: A Shiny Web Application for the Analysis of Animal Disease Data

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