Zoo-chemical profiling, in vivo toxicity, and in vitro anti-inflammatory properties of Luffariella herdmani marine sponge extract

Kuruppuarachchi, Sashini U; Gunathilake, Varuni

doi:10.5455/jabet.2022.d114

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The crude extract of L. herdmani that was previously determined as being toxic to A. salina larvae had an LC 50 value of 14.34 μg/ml. 28 Overall, the current study further confirms the extract’s potent toxic nature. The EC 50 value can also be used to select the range of test concentrations for genotoxicity analysis.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

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Use of the Allium cepa Model to Assess the Cytogenotoxicity of Luffariella herdmani Marine Sponge Extract

2023

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Marine sponge extracts are known to contain potentially toxic compounds that have biological activities of possible pharmacological interest. Thus, it is vital that biological models are used for the preliminary toxicity screening of such extracts. The present study reports the use of Allium cepa, a low-cost plant-based in vivo model, to assess the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Luffariella herdmani marine sponge crude extract (SCE). Pre-germinated onion bulbs, exposed for 96 hours to different concentrations of SCE (ranging from 0.3125 to 20 μg/ml), were used to determine general cytotoxicity. Root length as well as morphological abnormalities were recorded. Genotoxicity was assessed by exposing the root tips to SCE (0.3125–20 μg/ml) and the appropriate controls for 48 hours, and then staining with acetocarmine. The Mitotic Index (MI), Mitotic Phase Indices (MPIs) and chromosomal aberrations were evaluated and recorded. SCE inhibited A. cepa root growth (EC50 = 10.34 μg/ml) and elicited a mitodepressive effect (LC50 = 1.95 μg/ml) in a dose-dependent and significant manner. In addition, macroscopic alterations as well as chromosomal aberrations were detected. Overall, our findings indicate that L. herdmani crude extract exhibits cytotoxic and genotoxic activity, suggesting that it might contain substances with anti-proliferative/anticancer potential that could be subject to further characterisation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

“…L. herdmani crude extract was previously shown by the authors to exert toxic effects against the brine shrimp Artemia salina . 28…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of the Allium cepa Model to Assess the Cytogenotoxicity of Luffariella herdmani Marine Sponge Extract

2023

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“…In recent decades, marine pharmacology has received great attention, resulting in a plethora of bioactive compounds with numerous therapeutic properties (Kuruppuarachchi & Gunathilake, 2022). Among all marine invertebrates, sponges are recognised as one of the richest sources of bioactive compounds, accounting for approximately 30% of all marine natural products (Mehbub et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the toxicity evaluation of sponge crude extracts prior developing into therapeutic products with fewer side effects is crucial. The use of low-cost, reproducible, shortterm biological models that are alternatives to higher animal models are highly recommended in the preliminary drug discovery process (Kuruppuarachchi & Gunathilake, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<em>In vitro</em> Anti-inflammatory, Anti-oxidant and Cytogenotoxicity of <em>Axinella</em> sp., a Marine Sponge Extract

Ranatunga,

Kuruppuarachchi,

Gunathilake

2023

Sri Lankan J. Biol.

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Exploring the oceans for bioactive compounds is an incessant human desire. The present study investigates selected bioactivities; anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, cytotoxic, and genotoxic potential of Axinella sp. marine sponge crude extract (SCE). Sponge identification was based on morphology and skeletal analysis. The SCE was prepared by methanol/dichloromethane extraction and tested for zoo-chemicals, anti-inflammatory properties by protein denaturation, heat and hypertonicity-induced bovine erythrocyte membrane stability assays. Radical scavenging activity was tested against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH), 2,2′-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), nitric oxide (NO), and peroxide radicals. The IC50 was calculated for each assay. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were tested on Artemia salina and Allium cepa models, respectively. The LC50 and mitotic index (MI) were calculated where appropriate, while chromosomal aberrations were recorded in the A. cepa assay. The results indicated the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, unsaturated sterols, flavonoids, and saponins in SCE. Potent inhibitory activities on egg albumin denaturation were reported by SCE (IC50=39.55±3.21 μg/ml). Heat and hypertonicity induced bovine erythrocyte membrane stability was reported as IC50=44.64±0.56 μg/ml and IC50=35.7±.0.26 μg/ml, respectively. In comparison to reference drugs, the resulting scavenging activities were strong against NO (IC50=50.63±2.85 μg/ml) and more or less similar against DPPH (IC50=42.49±0.85 μg/ml). However, the potency of ABTS and peroxide radical scavenging activities was low in SCE (IC50=42.49±0.74 μg/ml and IC50=323.52±3.71 μg/ml, respectively). The SCE was toxic to A. salina nauplii (LC50=106.81 μg/ml) and A. cepa root cells (LC50=114.63 μg/ml) with a 7.2% chromosomal aberrations reported in the A. cepa genotoxicity assay. The potent anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, cytotoxic, and genotoxic effects of SCE proposes its feasibility as a potential drug lead, followed by further comprehensive research.

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“…Kuruppuarachchi et al used established assays, based on growth and the evaluation of mitotic indices and chromosomal aberration, for Allium cepa (onion) root tip, to assess potential cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of marine sponge extracts. 4 For many years, extracts from marine sponges have been the subject of investigation due to their potential antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antimalarial or anticancer effects. The experiments reported here, showed that both cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were induced in the root tips by the extracts.…”

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confidence: 99%

Editorial

2023

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Zoo-chemical profiling, in vivo toxicity, and in vitro anti-inflammatory properties of Luffariella herdmani marine sponge extract

Cited by 3 publications

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Use of the Allium cepa Model to Assess the Cytogenotoxicity of Luffariella herdmani Marine Sponge Extract

Use of the Allium cepa Model to Assess the Cytogenotoxicity of Luffariella herdmani Marine Sponge Extract

<em>In vitro</em> Anti-inflammatory, Anti-oxidant and Cytogenotoxicity of <em>Axinella</em> sp., a Marine Sponge Extract

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