Zone refining and structure determination of salol crystals

Bilgram, J. H.; Dürig, U.; Wachter, M.; Seiler, Paul

doi:10.1016/0022-0248(82)90241-x

Cited by 32 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The structure is closely related to that of the unsubstituted 2-hydroxybenzoic acid phenyl ester (Baptista, 1966;Bilgram et al 1982;Hammond et al, 2002), where the carboxylate group is almost coplanar to the phenyl ring where is attached (C-C-O-C less than 2° deviated from 180°) and the benzoate phenyl almost perpendicular to the carboxylate (C-O-C-C 75.8° and -100.5°).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Phenyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzoate

et al. 2010

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The title molecule, C21H26O3, has a six-membered planar carbon ring as the central core, substituted at position 1 with phenoxycarbonyl, at position 2 with hydroxy and at positions 3 and 5 with tert-butyl groups. The structure shows two independent but very similar molecules within the asymmetric unit. For both independent molecules, the ester carboxylate group is coplanar with the central core, as reflected by the small C—C—O—C torsion angles [179.95 (17) and 173.70 (17)°]. In contrast, the phenyl substituent is almost perpendicular to the carboxylate –CO2 fragment, as reflected by C—O—C—C torsion angles, ranging from 74 to 80°. The coplanarity between the central aromatic ring and the ester carboxylate –CO2– group allows the formation of an intramolecular hydrogen bond, with O⋯O distances of 2.563 (2) and 2.604 (2) Å.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…For similar molecules, see: Baptista (1966); Bilgram et al (1982); Hammond et al (2002). Table 1 Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å , ).…”

Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 97%

Phenyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzoate

et al. 2010

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“…To elucidate the molecular interactions giving rise to these physical manifestations we reviewed the single-crystal structures of 1 [7] and 2, [8] and determined the structure of 3. In addition, 3 was studied extensively by NMR and IR spectroscopy.…”

Section: Hydrogen Bonding Interactions In Amorphousmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4] Recent work in the field of supramolecular materials assembly has focused upon the synthesis of molecules containing multiple hydrogen bonding motifs at chain termini [5] and inner-chain sites. Thus we observed gross physical changes with small molecular alterations in the series 1 ± 3.To elucidate the molecular interactions giving rise to these physical manifestations we reviewed the single-crystal structures of 1 [7] and 2, [8] and determined the structure of 3. We aimed to maximize the observed change in physical attributes while minimizing the structural change at the molecular level.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Bonding Interactions in Amorphous Salicyl Salicylate

2000

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The macroscopic physical properties of a chemical substance are determined by the intra-and intermolecular interactions of each individual molecule comprising it. Presently, reliable prediction of the three-dimensional structure of a multiple-atom chemical species from only its structural formula is not possible, [1] thus the ab initio prediction of bulk physical properties is likewise not currently attainable. To circumvent this obstacle, empirical studies of systematic chemical series have been pursued, and experimentally derived properties, such as crystal structure [2] and melting point, [3] have been correlated with structural formula.Our research is concerned with the production of supramolecular materials, a field that has promised much. [4] Recent work in the field of supramolecular materials assembly has focused upon the synthesis of molecules containing multiple hydrogen bonding motifs at chain termini [5] and inner-chain sites. [6] We wished to make a departure from this approach to understand the macroscopic physical effect of systematic changes in the chemical structure of simple species. We aimed to maximize the observed change in physical attributes while minimizing the structural change at the molecular level. We studied the molecular series: phenyl benzoate (1), phenyl salicylate (2), and salicyl salicylate (3).Each compound was melted and allowed to cool at ambient temperature. Compound 1 melted at 342 K and recrystallized at this temperature upon cooling; 2 melted at 317 K and undercooled to ambient temperature without crystallization, the low viscosity undercooled liquid could be maintained in this state for several weeks without difficulty; 3 melted over the range 412 ± 424 K and undercooled to a high viscosity liquid that could be moulded and stress-fractured: a potentially useful material (crystallization in 3 could not be induced by any means, including crystal seeding and holding at the crystallization temperature for several hours. Recrystallization could be achieved only by dissolution and reprecipitation.). Thus we observed gross physical changes with small molecular alterations in the series 1 ± 3.To elucidate the molecular interactions giving rise to these physical manifestations we reviewed the single-crystal structures of 1 [7] and 2, [8] and determined the structure of 3. In addition, 3 was studied extensively by NMR and IR spectroscopy.The low viscosity of the amorphous 3 at temperatures in the range 373 ± 423 K allowed study by 13 C NMR spectroscopy. The spectrum recorded at 423 K is shown in Figure 1, and was assigned by 2D NMR experiments, [9] and comparison with reference spectra. [10] Multiple resonances were observed for many peaks, most notably those carbon atoms lying along the functional backbone: C14, C9, C1, C3, and C4. The acid carbonyl, C2, gave a single resonance signal. The ester carbonyl resonance, C1, was composed of at least five discrete signals, indicating that at least this many environments were stable on the NMR time scale. This multiple-resonance effect pe...

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“…Brought to you by | New York University Bobst Library Technical Services Authenticated Download Date | 6/16/15 11:51 AM Crystal growth Salol, C13H10O3, crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pcab with lattice parameters a = 1 1.258 Â, b = 23.402 Â, c = 7.961 Â (Bilgram et al, 1982). The melting temperature is about 315 K. Large single crystals were grown from solutions by Kleber and Raidt (1963) and Lefaucheux (1972).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dislocation reactions in Czochralski-grown salol crystals

Neuroth¹,

Klapper²

1994

Zeitschrift Für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials

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Large single crystals of salol were grown in various crystallographic directions by the Czochralski technique. Their growth defects were studied by X-ray topography. The typical arrangement of grown-in dislocations is described. In some cases crossing growth dislocations interact and form dislocation nodes. It is confirmed, that the Burgers vectors b of the dislocations merging into the nodes obey Frank's theorem £ b = 0.The dislocation reactions proceed in such a way that the energy of the system is reduced.

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Zone refining and structure determination of salol crystals

Cited by 32 publications

References 1 publication

Phenyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzoate

Phenyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzoate

Hydrogen Bonding Interactions in Amorphous Salicyl Salicylate

Dislocation reactions in Czochralski-grown salol crystals

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