Zone I Distance Relaying Scheme of Lines Connected to MMC-HVDC Stations During Asymmetrical Faults: Problems, Challenges, and Solutions

Liang, Yingyu; Li, Wulin; Huo, Yaotong

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2020.3030332

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The proposed protection method is compared with a few advanced distance relaying techniques proposed in recently available literature [12], [13], [40]- [42]. The comparative assessment is summarized in Table III.…”

Section: E Performance Evaluation For Lines Connecting Only Cires At ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Source-Independent Zone-1 Protection for Converter-Dominated Power Networks

Paladhi

Kurre

Pradhan

2024

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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Growing penetration of converter-interfaced renewable energy sources with numerous control operations results in non-homogeneous fault characteristics in the network. Distance relay Zone-1 operation with such non-homogeneous situation may be vulnerable compromising both dependability and security aspects. In this work, vulnerability analysis is carried out to identify the factors influencing Zone-1 performance in a renewable integrated power network, and a method is proposed to ensure its correct operation. The method considers the homogeneity present in negative and zero sequence networks with converterbased sources to obtain the faulted loop current angle using local measurements and to derive correct decisions. The proposed method is tested for different renewable integrated systems, even with 100% converter-based sources and with variations in different vulnerable factors. Comparison with available distance relaying techniques demonstrates the superior performance of the proposed method.

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Section: E Performance Evaluation For Lines Connecting Only Cires At ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Source-Independent Zone-1 Protection for Converter-Dominated Power Networks

Paladhi

Kurre

Pradhan

2024

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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“…CT saturation can cause the measured differential current to (1) Frequency-Domain based scheme [7][8][9]14] The fault behaviors of MMC are considered. Thus, they can operate well in the presence of MMC-HVDC stations Inherent demerits of frequency-domain based scheme include the requirement of discrete Fourier transform, the negative effect of decaying DC component on accuracy of phasor estimation Some of them have no natural phase selection capability [7][8][9] Time-Domain based scheme [10][11][12][13]15] Discrete Fourier transform is removed. They exhibit good operating speed and low complexity Some of them are not applicable to MMC-HVDC stations.…”

Section: Analysis Of Differential Current Waveformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…References [4][5][6] investigate the influence of VSC-HVDC on the distance protection of AC lines connected to it, but a corresponding solution is not provided. In [7], a zone I distance relaying protection scheme is proposed for the degradation of the distance protection performance caused by the integration of MMC-HVDC, one which can accurately identify internal faults. However, the proposed scheme cannot operate accurately under symmetrical faults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current trajectory image-based protection algorithm for transmission lines connected to MMC-HVDC stations using CA-CNN

Liang

Ren

et al. 2023

Prot Control Mod Power Syst

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In the presence of an MMC-HVDC system, current differential protection (CDP) has the risk of failure in operation under an internal fault. In addition, CDP may also incur security issues in the presence of current transformer (CT) saturation and outliers. In this paper, a current trajectory image-based protection algorithm is proposed for AC lines connected to MMC-HVDC stations using a convolution neural network improved by a channel attention mechanism (CA-CNN). Taking the dual differential currents as two-dimensional coordinates of the moving point, the moving-point trajectories formed by differential currents have significant differences under internal and external faults. Therefore, internal faults can be identified using image recognition based on CA-CNN. This is improved by a channel attention mechanism, data augmentation, and adaptive learning rate. In comparison with other machine learning algorithms, the feature extraction ability and accuracy of CA-CNN are greatly improved. Various fault conditions like different network structures, operation modes, fault resistances, outliers, and current transformer saturation, are fully considered to verify the superiority of the proposed protection algorithm. The results confirm that the proposed current trajectory image-based protection algorithm has strong learning and generalizability, and can identify internal faults reliably.

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“…However, the FCGs considered in [84][85] are deemed to accord with a Thevenin voltage source model, which does not conform with the realistic FCGs with LVRT capabilities. Recently, several protective solutions of transmission lines connecting FCG-based plant are reported, which are followed for either protection decision [86][87] or distance relay setting [88]. However, these proposals are all based on the premise of homogeneity in the external grid, which may not be always valid in practice.…”

Section: B Distance Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BC and BCG), ITA-21 cannot work, because the parameter 𝐷 2 is not applicable to the estimation of 𝜃 𝐼𝑚𝑝 . To tackle such application limit, the estimating methods for fault current angle of 𝐼 ̇𝑓 for fault BC and BCG mentioned in [86][87]117] are adopted.…”

Section: Adaptability For Fcgs Deployed With Bccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Protection Schemes of Modern Transmission Grids with Large-Scale Power Electronics

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General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.-Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. -You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain -You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal - V ENGLISH SUMMARYIn the modern power system, the transition of conventional fossil sources to renewable energies has achieved huge progress, which benefits from power electronic technologies, including the aspects of topology, control, stability, and reliability, etc. It contributes to reducing the stress on the global environment and achieving the goals of sustainable development. Typically, a growing numbers of renewable energy power plants are integrated (or upgraded) in the transmission level to bear massive electric power supply. Under such background, the conventional network protections face increasing adaptability problems, due to the different fault responses of nonsynchronous (power electronic) generators compared with synchronous ones.

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Zone I Distance Relaying Scheme of Lines Connected to MMC-HVDC Stations During Asymmetrical Faults: Problems, Challenges, and Solutions

Cited by 12 publications

References 33 publications

Source-Independent Zone-1 Protection for Converter-Dominated Power Networks

Source-Independent Zone-1 Protection for Converter-Dominated Power Networks

Current trajectory image-based protection algorithm for transmission lines connected to MMC-HVDC stations using CA-CNN

Advanced Protection Schemes of Modern Transmission Grids with Large-Scale Power Electronics

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