Zinc-nickel alloy deposition in the presence of citrate ions

Pushpavanam, Malathy; Balakrishnan, K.

doi:10.1007/bf00242202

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, it cannot be related to zinc UPD, since the charge density of this wave is 24.1 mC cm -2 , far from the zinc monolayer charge density of *460 lC cm -2 [17]. Although, borate anion adsorption has been reported to occur during the cathodic process [17][18][19], in the present study borate anion adsorption can be disregarded, since at this acid pH (3.00) dissociation of boric acid is negligible [20] and, consequently, uncharged boric acid predominates over borate in the zinc plating bath. Other possibilities are that wave c could be related to atomic hydrogen adsorption (AHA) and/or hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the anodic peak a 1 to desorption of atomic hydrogen and/or molecular hydrogen oxidation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…5a that an increase in sorbitol concentration leads to a shift in the deposition potential to more negative potentials; thus, a shift of *50 mV occurred at 0.52 M sorbitol in the plating bath. It is reported in the literature that boric acid inhibits zinc deposition [17]. In our previous work, this inhibition is attributed to adsorption of boric acid-polyalcohol complexes on the platinum surface [10].…”

Section: Study Of Deposition Process In the Presence Of Polyalcoholsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Voltammetric and morphological characterization of zinc electrodeposition from acid electrolytes containing boric–polyalcohol complexes

Oliveira

Carlos

2008

J Appl Electrochem

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The influence of sorbitol or glycerol polyalcohols on the electrodeposition of zinc and on morphology of the zinc film is discussed. The deposition current efficiency, in the potential range -1.30 V to -2.50 V, was *90% in all baths. Increasing the sorbitol concentration in the bath shifted the deposition to more negative potentials, *50 mV, and decreased the current density (j p ) of the zinc deposition significantly. On the other hand, adding glycerol did not significantly affect either j or the deposition potential of zinc. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that either sorbitol or glycerol lead to the formation of granular deposits. The best zinc morphology was obtained with 0.52 M sorbitol or glycerol in the plating bath. The presence of sorbitol or glycerol in the plating bath was beneficial, since the resulting zinc deposits were compact and without holes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Study Of Deposition Process In the Presence Of Polyalcoholsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Voltammetric and morphological characterization of zinc electrodeposition from acid electrolytes containing boric–polyalcohol complexes

Oliveira

Carlos

2008

J Appl Electrochem

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“…These baths may contain electrolytes such as ammonium chloride or sulfate [8,12,16,24,27,28], boric acid [2,3,9,10,14,15,17,19,21,23,30,31], sodium [9,17] or potassium chloride [10,13,15,23,24], sodium acetate [10,28], sodium citrate [3,9,27], etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ZnNi alloy electrodeposition from acid baths containing sorbitol or glycerol and characterization of ZnNi deposits

2009

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The influence of sorbitol or glycerol on the electrodeposition of ZnNi alloys and on the morphology, composition and structure of the ZnNi deposits was investigated. The highest current efficiency (CE), around 90%, was obtained in the presence of glycerol in the potential range from approximately −1.30 V to −1.40 V, while in the presence of sorbitol or absence of either polyalcohol the CE was 82-85%, for the same potential range. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that ZnNi deposition at −1.26 V or −1.40 V from a bath with sorbitol led to the formation of more compact deposits than with glycerol. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis showed that the Ni content in the deposit obtained in the presence of sorbitol remained in the range of 7-9.5 wt% Ni, over a large range of deposition conditions. On the other hand, ZnNi deposits with variable Ni content (5.5-19.5 wt% Ni) were obtained from baths with glycerol or without either polyalcohol, by shifting the deposition potential. All ZnNi deposits showed uniform distribution of the elements Zn and Ni. X-ray analysis of ZnNi deposits obtained from plating baths with and without polyalcohol's at −1.26 and −1.40 V presented the γ, γ 1 and Pt 3 -Zn phases.

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“…The Peak 'B' in this figure refers to the reduction of H + ions resulting in hydrogen evolution, which occurs prior to nickel deposition. Several authors [37][38][39][40][41][42], who have studied the fundamental aspects of nickel electrodeposition, have shown that deposition from sulphate solutions is also preceded by hydrogen evolution and starts as soon as hydrogen ion discharge becomes diffusion controlled. The I-V data were used to determine the nucleation overpotential (NOP) and the crossover potential (E CO ) by using the following techniques.…”

Section: Polarisation Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Mo6+ during nickel electrodeposition from sulfate solutions

et al. 2007

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The effect of Mo 6+ on the current efficiency, deposit quality, surface morphology, crystallographic orientations and polarisation behaviour of the cathode during electrodeposition of nickel from sulfate solutions was investigated. Mo 6+ did not have a significant effect on current efficiency over the concentration range 2-100 mg dm -3 . However; a decrease in current efficiency by a magnitude of more than 20% was seen at 500 mg dm -3 . The quality of the nickel deposit with reference to the visual appearance and contamination level varied with varying concentration of Mo 6+ ; this was also reflected in the morphology and crystallographic orientations of the deposits. Addition of Mo 6+ to the electrolyte introduced two new crystal planes i.e., (220) and (311). Depolarisation of the cathode was noted at lower concentrations of Mo 6+ (2-40 mg dm -3 ) whereas polarisation of the cathode was observed at Mo 6+ concentration [40 mg dm -3 .The effect of Mo 6+ on parameters such as Tafel slope (b), transfer coefficient (a) and exchange current density (i 0 ) were also determined.

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Zinc-nickel alloy deposition in the presence of citrate ions

Cited by 30 publications

References 7 publications

Voltammetric and morphological characterization of zinc electrodeposition from acid electrolytes containing boric–polyalcohol complexes

Voltammetric and morphological characterization of zinc electrodeposition from acid electrolytes containing boric–polyalcohol complexes

ZnNi alloy electrodeposition from acid baths containing sorbitol or glycerol and characterization of ZnNi deposits

Role of Mo6+ during nickel electrodeposition from sulfate solutions

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