Zinc induces thymulin secretion from human thymic epithelial cells In vitro and augments splenocyte and thymocyte responses In vivo

Saha, A.; Hadden, Elba M.; Hadden, John W.

doi:10.1016/0192-0561(95)00061-6

Cited by 66 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The biological activity of thymulin is regulated by an interaction with Zn 2ϩ in equilibrium (21). The degree of inhibition of LPS-induced cytokine production is synergistically enhanced with a combination of thymulin and Zn 2ϩ .…”

Section: Analysis Of Thymulin/zn 2ϩ -Dependent Synergism In Inhibitinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Potential of Thymulin–Zn2+ in the Alveolar Epithelium: Amelioration of Endotoxin-Induced Cytokine Release and Partial Amplification of a Cytoprotective IL-10-Sensitive Pathway

Haddad

Land

Saadé

et al. 2000

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

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Section: Analysis Of Thymulin/zn 2ϩ -Dependent Synergism In Inhibitinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Potential of Thymulin–Zn2+ in the Alveolar Epithelium: Amelioration of Endotoxin-Induced Cytokine Release and Partial Amplification of a Cytoprotective IL-10-Sensitive Pathway

Haddad

Land

Saadé

et al. 2000

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

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“…A reason for the former effect may be an action of zinc through thymulin on the maturation of T cells. Thymulin is a zinc-dependent nonapeptide hormone [26] that regulates the differentiation of immature T cells in the thymus [135] and the function of mature T cells in the periphery [24,134]. On the other hand, an antiapoptotic action of zinc ions [155] at both the peripheral and thymic level could result in an increase in the number of TH cells.…”

Section: Viral Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulating the immune response by oral zinc supplementation: a single approach for multiple diseases

Overbeck

Rink

Haase

2008

Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp.

176

124

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Zinc is required for multiple cellular tasks, and especially the immune system depends on a sufficient availability of this essential trace element. During the last decades, many studies attempted to affect the outcome of various diseases by zinc supplementation. These efforts either aimed at supporting immunity by zinc administration or at correcting a loss of zinc secondary to the disease to restore the zinc-dependent functions of the immune system. This review aims to summarize the respective findings and to discuss possible molecular mechanisms by which zinc could influence viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections, autoimmune diseases, and the response to vaccination. Zinc supplementation in diseases such as diarrhea, chronic hepatitis C, shigellosis, leprosy, tuberculosis, pneumonia, acute lower respiratory infection, and leishmaniasis seems beneficial. In contrast, the results for the common cold and malaria are still not conclusive, and zinc was ineffective in most vaccination and rheumatoid arthritis studies. For AIDS and type 1 diabetes, zinc supplementation may even be a risk factor for increased mortality or deterioration of the glucose metabolism, respectively. In these cases, zinc supplementation should be used with care and limited to clearly zinc-deficient individuals.

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“…Thymulin, a thymus-specific hormone, requires Zn 2+ for its biological activity [33]. Thymulin augments the thymocyte response to interleukins (interleukin-l, interleukin-2, and natural cytokine mixtures) and mitogens (phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A) in vitro [34]. Therefore, 1,4-naphthoquinone at sublethal concentrations may further increase the reactivity of immune cells through an increase in intracellular Zn 2+ level.…”

Section: Biological and Toxicological Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Changes in cellular thiol content and intracellular Zn2+ level by 1,4-naphthoquinone in rat thymocytes

Fukunaga

Ishida

Oyama

2014

Chemico-Biological Interactions

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Zinc induces thymulin secretion from human thymic epithelial cells In vitro and augments splenocyte and thymocyte responses In vivo

Cited by 66 publications

References 9 publications

Immunomodulatory Potential of Thymulin–Zn2+ in the Alveolar Epithelium: Amelioration of Endotoxin-Induced Cytokine Release and Partial Amplification of a Cytoprotective IL-10-Sensitive Pathway

Immunomodulatory Potential of Thymulin–Zn2+ in the Alveolar Epithelium: Amelioration of Endotoxin-Induced Cytokine Release and Partial Amplification of a Cytoprotective IL-10-Sensitive Pathway

Modulating the immune response by oral zinc supplementation: a single approach for multiple diseases

Changes in cellular thiol content and intracellular Zn2+ level by 1,4-naphthoquinone in rat thymocytes

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