Zinc and Copper Status and Blood Pressure

Bergomi, Margherita; Rovesti, Sergio; Vinceti, Marco; Vivoli, Roberto; Caselgrandi, Eva; Vivoli, Gianfranco

doi:10.1016/s0946-672x(97)80047-8

Cited by 76 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Our experimental data demonstrated that moderate zinc deficiency during growth induces an increase in SBP from day 30 after initiation of the dietary treatment, reaching values Ͼ140 mm Hg at the end of the experimental period. In agreement with our results, an inverse relationship between serum zinc levels and BP in normotensive and hypertensive populations has been reported (8). However, other studies have shown that zinc deficiency does not change BP in rats (17,32) and humans (33).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…There are not enough reports on the cardiovascular effects of moderate zinc deficiency in growing animals, and the reports on adult animals and patients show controversial results (8,17). The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of moderate zinc deficiency during growth on systemic BP levels and the vascular nitric oxide (NO) system in adult life.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…There is increasing interest in possible involvement of trace elements such as zinc in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (8). Many enzymes that are involved in the regulation of arterial blood pressure (BP), such as nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS), angiotensin-converting enzyme, and neutral endopeptidases, contain zinc in their structure (9 -11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Moderate Zinc Deficiency Influences Arterial Blood Pressure and Vascular Nitric Oxide Pathway in Growing Rats

Tomat¹,

Weisstaub²,

Jauregui³

et al. 2005

Pediatr Res

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There is an increasing interest in the involvement of trace elements such as zinc in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. This study was designed to examine whether moderate zinc deficiency during growth influences blood pressure (BP) and vascular nitric oxide (NO) pathway. Three-week-old weaned male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two dietary groups and fed either a moderately zinc-deficient diet (zinc content 9 mg/kg; n ϭ 12) or a control diet (zinc content 30 mg/kg; n ϭ 12) for 60 d. The following were measured: systolic BP, nitrates and nitrites urinary excretion, urinary chemiluminescence intensity, NADPH-diaphorase activity in the thoracic aorta and intestinal arterioles, and NO synthase (NOS) catalytic activity using L-[U14C]-arginine as substrate in the thoracic aorta. Zinc deficiency during growth induced an increase in BP from day 30 of the experimental period, leading to hypertension on day 60. Animals that were fed the zinc-deficient diet had lower urinary excretion levels of nitrates and nitrites and higher intensity of spontaneous luminescence on day 60. At the end of the experiment, zinc-deficient rats showed decreased NADPH diaphorase activity in endothelium and smooth muscle of the thoracic aorta and intestinal arterioles and decreased activity of NOS in thoracic aortic tissue. An imbalance in zinc bioavailability during postnatal and growing periods may be may be a risk factor in development of cardiovascular alterations in adult life. The mechanisms involved may include an impaired vascular NO system as a result of decreased NOS activity and higher systemic oxidative stress. Moderate and marginal zinc deficiency is by far more common than severe deficiency, especially in infants, children, and pregnant women in developing and developed countries, as a result of imbalances between intake and increased requirements (1,2). Zinc is an essential trace element required by all living organisms for many physiologic functions, including growth, development, and reproduction (3). Zinc has been documented to act as an antioxidant, to have membranestabilizing properties, to block apoptotic cell death, and to be essential for endothelial integrity (4 -6). Intracellular zinc is associated with proteins, primarily via complex interactions with cysteines, acting as an integral component of numerous metalloenzymes, structural proteins, and transcription factors (1,7).There is increasing interest in possible involvement of trace elements such as zinc in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (8). Many enzymes that are involved in the regulation of arterial blood pressure (BP), such as nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS), angiotensin-converting enzyme, and neutral endopeptidases, contain zinc in their structure (9 -11). The NOSs are a family of enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of NO and L-citrulline from L-arginine in the presence of NADPH and O 2 . The NOS family consists of three isoforms that are expressed in many tissues, including endothelium and vascular

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 94%

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Moderate Zinc Deficiency Influences Arterial Blood Pressure and Vascular Nitric Oxide Pathway in Growing Rats

Tomat¹,

Weisstaub²,

Jauregui³

et al. 2005

Pediatr Res

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“…Low zinc levels may increase the oxidative stress in cells:, hence this may disrupt the function of endothelial cells in blood vessels (Bergomi et al, 1997). Trivalent chromium is involved in enhancing the role of insulin activity, by helping eliminate excess insulin in the blood and assisting the cells in glucose uptake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Trace Elements in the Nails and Hair of Farmers Exposed to Pesticides and Fertilizers

Hamid¹,

Ishak²,

Lubis³

et al. 2017

JAS

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Exposure to pesticides and fertilizers lowers the level of trace elements in the human body for several reasons. This study aimed to investigate the effect of pesticide exposure to the levels of trace elements of farmers in Bachok and Tumpat, Kelantan, Malaysia. This cross sectional study involved 89 farmers. Demographic data and information on the duration of the exposure to the pesticides and fertilizers, as well as personal protective equipment (PPE) practice habits, were determined through questionnaire. The levels of selenium, manganese, zinc, copper and chromium samples of fingernails, toenails and hair were determined through the use of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The levels of the trace elements were not influenced by gender, age and the period of exposure. Only the manganese levels found in the hair samples (r = 0.250) show a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) with the working period. PPE practice habit also have significant correlation (p < 0.05) with manganese level in fingernails (r = 0.530) and toenails (r = -0.353), zinc level in hair (r = -0.439) and chromium level in fingernails (r = -0.306). Exposure towards pesticide and fertilizer decreased the trace element level in nails and hair of farmers. Additionally, the level of trace elements can be influenced by health status, working period, dietary habit and PPE practices.

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“…Intracellular calcium increases oxidative stress which is reduced by zinc [92] . Bergomi et al [93] evaluated Zinc (Zn ++ ) status in 60 hypertensive subjects compared to 60 normotensive control subjects. An inverse correlation of BP and serum Zn ++ was observed.…”

Section: Zincmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of nutrition and nutraceutical supplements in the treatment of hypertension

Houston¹

2014

WJC

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Vascular biology, endothelial and vascular smooth muscle and cardiac dysfunction play a primary role in the initiation and perpetuation of hypertension, cardiovascular disease and target organ damage. Nutrientgene interactions and epigenetics are predominant factors in promoting beneficial or detrimental effects in cardiovascular health and hypertension. Macronutrients and micronutrients can prevent, control and treat hypertension through numerous mechanisms related to vascular biology. Oxidative stress, inflammation and autoimmune dysfunction initiate and propagate hypertension and cardiovascular disease. There is a role for the selected use of single and component nutraceutical supplements, vitamins, antioxidants and minerals in the treatment of hypertension based on scientifically controlled studies which complement optimal nutrition, coupled with other lifestyle modifications.© 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved.Key words: Hypertension; Nutrition; Nutritional supplements; Cardiovascular disease; Vascular biology Core tip: Vascular biology and endothelial dysfunction play a primary roles in hypertension and subsequent cardiovascular disease. Micronutrients, macronutrients and optimal nutrition and nutritional supplements can prevent, control and treat hypertension through numerous mechanisms related to vascular biology. These treatments are complementary to drug therapy. Oxidative stress, inflammation and autoimmune dysfunction initiate and propagate hypertension and cardiovascular disease. There is a role for the selected use of single and component nutraceutical supplements, vitamins, antioxidants and minerals in the treatment of hypertension based on scientifically controlled studies which complement optimal nutrition, coupled with other lifestyle modifications.Houston M. The role of nutrition and nutraceutical supplements in the treatment of hypertension. World J Cardiol 2014; 6(2): 38-66 Available from:

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Zinc and Copper Status and Blood Pressure

Cited by 76 publications

References 16 publications

Moderate Zinc Deficiency Influences Arterial Blood Pressure and Vascular Nitric Oxide Pathway in Growing Rats

Moderate Zinc Deficiency Influences Arterial Blood Pressure and Vascular Nitric Oxide Pathway in Growing Rats

Evaluation of Trace Elements in the Nails and Hair of Farmers Exposed to Pesticides and Fertilizers

The role of nutrition and nutraceutical supplements in the treatment of hypertension

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