Zeta Potential as a Tool to Evaluate the Optimum Performance of a Coagulation-flocculation Process for Wastewater Internal Treatment for Recirculation in the Pulp and Paper Process

Ordaz-Díaz, Luis Alberto; Valle‐Cervantes, Sergio; Rodríguez-Rosales, Josefina; Bailón-Salas, Ana María; Palacio, Maribel Madrid-Del; Torres-Fraga, Karla; Peña-Arellano, Luis Armando de la

doi:10.15376/biores.12.3.5953-5969

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…The broken lentils, by-products produced during the lentil processing process are available in considerable amounts and still under-utilized 7 . Therefore, the valorization of lentil extract as natural coagulant has been extensively studied by several researchers as it potentially to be used to replace the conventional chemical coagulant 8,9 . However, the application of natural coagulant, including lentil extract is restricted due to the relatively shorter shelf life and lower flocculating performance due to its surface charge and low molecular weight.…”

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confidence: 99%

Microwave radiation-induced grafting of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride onto lentil extract (LE-g-DMC) as an emerging high-performance plant-based grafted coagulant

Chua

Kait

Mustafa

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The importance of graft copolymerization in the field of polymer science is analogous to the importance of alloying in the field of metals. This is attribute to the ability of the grafting method to regulate the properties of polymer 'tailor-made' according to specific needs. This paper described a novel plantbased coagulant, LE-g-DMC that synthesized through grafting of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) onto the backbone of the lentil extract. The grafting process was optimized through the response surface methodology (RSM) using three-level Box-Behnken Design (BBD). Under optimum conditions, a promising grafting percentage of 120% was achieved. Besides, characterization study including SEM, zeta potential, TGA, FTIR and EDX were used to confirm the grafting of the DMC monomer chain onto the backbone of lentil extract. The grafted coagulant, LE-g-DMC outperformed lentil extract and alum in turbidity reduction and effective across a wide range of pH from pH 4 to pH 10. Besides, the use of LE-g-DMC as coagulant produced flocs with excellent settling ability (5.09 mL/g) and produced the least amount of sludge. Therefore, from an application and economic point of views, LE-g-DMC was superior to native lentil extract coagulant and commercial chemical coagulant, alum.Coagulation-flocculation is one of the most widely used treatment processes for the removal of turbidity, colloid, dissolved solid, organic matter and suspended solid in surface water and industrial wastewater 1 . Due to its simplicity, cost-effective and efficient properties, this process has been extensively used for various wastewater treatments such as textile wastewater 2 , agro-wastewater 3 , landfill leachates 4 , pulp and paper mill wastewater 5 and others. Some of the chemical coagulants that commonly used for the wastewater treatment are aluminium sulphate, ferric sulphate, ferric chloride and polyaluminium chloride. However, the usage of these chemicals poses several drawbacks, such as adverse effects on human health, relatively high cost, production of large sludge volumes and others 6 . It is, therefore, desirable to have an alternative material that is effective, environmentally friendly and economically viable to replace the current synthetic coagulants.

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confidence: 99%

Microwave radiation-induced grafting of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride onto lentil extract (LE-g-DMC) as an emerging high-performance plant-based grafted coagulant

Chua

Kait

Mustafa

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…In recycled newsprint mills, there are up to three or four DAF units in each production line (one within each water loop). In these systems, suspended solids are efficiently removed but the dissolved and colloidal material (DCM) is almost completely recirculated into the process, accumulating in the water circuits, and thus limiting their closure (Miranda et al, 2009a;Hubbe et al, 2016;Ordaz-Díaz et al, 2017). However, by extending the limits of coagulation/flocculation by an improved understanding of the destabilization mechanisms it is possible to develop improved chemicals which are able to remove also finely dispersed and colloidal particles (>0.1-0.2 µm) by DAF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A variety of coagulants have been used in DAF systems including alum, ferric chloride, polyaluminum chloride (PAC), polyamine (PA), polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC), chitosan, etc. (Ordaz-Díaz et al, 2017;Bolto and Xie, 2019). Aluminum based coagulants are generally the most versatile and widely used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Efficiency of Aluminum Coagulants Used in Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF)

2020

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This paper reports on the efficiency of five aluminum coagulants for the treatment of a paper mill wastewater by dissolved air flotation (DAF). The coagulants studied were: alum, a polyaluminum chloride coagulant of high aluminum content and intermediate basicity (PAC-MB), another with intermediate aluminum content and high basicity (PAC-HB), a polyaluminum nitrate sulfate of intermediate aluminum content and basicity (PANS) and one hybrid coagulant formed by the combination of PANS and a mixture of polyamines (PANS-PA). The influence of Al speciation on contaminants removal and the main flocculation mechanisms involved have been analyzed. High removal of suspended solids together with significant removal of dissolved and colloidal material (COD and silica) were obtained, which is required for extended reuse of this process water. PAC-HB was the best product for removing suspended solids (85%) and soluble silica (50%) with a rather limited COD removal (5%), while PANS-PA obtained high turbidity (90%) and silica removal (45%) together with a significant soluble COD removal (15%). Monomeric Al (Al a , Al m) was more efficient in removing suspended solids and soluble COD than polymeric or colloidal Al (Al c , Al u), but the latter was more efficient in removing soluble silica. Results demonstrated that the main flocculation mechanism varies with the aluminum dosage, being predominantly charge neutralization at low dosages and sweep flocculation at high dosages. The floc strength factor however, was very high and similar for all the coagulants and dosages tested (85-90%), as it was mainly determined by the behavior of the pre-flocculated suspended solids present in wastewater. The reflocculation factor varied from 45 to 75% at the lowest dosages to almost zero at the highest dosages, confirming the transition from charge neutralization to sweep flocculation. The flocs formed by PANS-PA had lower strength than the others and it decreased with the dosage while its reflocculation factor was almost zero, even at low dosages. Due to the polyamines present in this coagulant, its flocculation mechanism is through both charge neutralization and patch formation, especially at low dosages, and sweep flocculation and interparticle bridge formation at high dosages.

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“…Dosing a coagulant (e.g., in the form of an aluminum salt) whose hydrolysis products are positively charged causes a change in ZP towards positive values. Optimal agglomeration will be achieved at the isoelectric point (IP), when ZP is reduced to zero, and the colloid is maximally destabilized [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Zeta Potential Measurement in Surface Water Coagulation Process Optimization

Mroczko

Zimoch

2019

Innovations-Sustainability-Modernity-Openness Conference (ISMO’19)

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The object of the research was surface water taken directly from the Mała Panew river. Zeta potential was measured in dependence of the inflicted coagulant dose. Four types of aluminum-based coagulants were used in this research: aluminum sulfate (Alum), polyaluminum chloride (PAC), dialuminum chloride pantahydroxide (PACl), and polyaluminum chloride hydroxide sulfate (PACS). Effective coagulant doses were selected on the basis of the zeta isoelectric point (IP) analysis. Coagulation efficiency analysis was based on the parameters of treated water (pH, turbidity, color, alkalinity), reduction of organic matter (Abs254, Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Disolved Organic Carbon (DOC)), and residual aluminum contamination.

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Zeta Potential as a Tool to Evaluate the Optimum Performance of a Coagulation-flocculation Process for Wastewater Internal Treatment for Recirculation in the Pulp and Paper Process

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Microwave radiation-induced grafting of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride onto lentil extract (LE-g-DMC) as an emerging high-performance plant-based grafted coagulant

Microwave radiation-induced grafting of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride onto lentil extract (LE-g-DMC) as an emerging high-performance plant-based grafted coagulant

Understanding the Efficiency of Aluminum Coagulants Used in Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF)

The Use of Zeta Potential Measurement in Surface Water Coagulation Process Optimization

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