Zeolite-Based Catalysts: A Valuable Approach toward Ester Bond Formation

Fattahi, Nadia; Triantafyllidis, Konstantinos S.; Luque, Rafael; Ramazani, Ali

doi:10.3390/catal9090758

Cited by 43 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…Fattahi [54] reviewed the catalysts' role of zeolites in the production of biodiesel through transesterification and esterification reactions, as shown Scheme 3.…”

Section: Catalytic Properties Of Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ese synthetic strategies afford hierarchical zeolite characteristics (e.g., distribution, dimensionality, connectivity, and even ordering of secondary pores) to be tuned to enhance the diffusivity of bulky molecules and the accessibility of the substrates to the active sites of the catalysts. Besides, the authors highlighted that hierarchical zeolites offer the potential to reduce steric limitations for converting bulky molecules, increase the rate of intracrystalline diffusion, inhibit deactivation due to coking, maximize catalyst utilization, and modulate [54].…”

Section: Catalytic Properties Of Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Short Review on Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Zeolites

Derbe¹,

Temesgen²,

Bitew

2021

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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The review emphasizes on synthesis, characterization, and application of zeolite. Zeolite is a hydrated aluminosilicate having a tetrahedral structural framework; it contains channels and cages which are occupied by exchangeable active metal ions and water molecules. Zeolite was synthesized through different synthesis methods, particularly, hydrothermal and green synthesis methods. The review also has tried to address the structure of zeolite such as morphology, functional group, and particle size using different characterization methods as reported via different authors. The characterization results verify that zeolite shows many unique properties such as uniform pore size, acidic properties, thermal stability, mobile extra cation, hydrophilicity, and hydrophobicity. These lead to a number of applications in catalysis, water purification, adsorption, and agriculture.

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“…Fattahi [54] reviewed the catalysts' role of zeolites in the production of biodiesel through transesterification and esterification reactions, as shown Scheme 3.…”

Section: Catalytic Properties Of Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Catalytic Properties Of Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Short Review on Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Zeolites

Derbe¹,

Temesgen²,

Bitew

2021

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…The acidic property of zeolites is due to imbalance in charge present on alumina and silica units, which mainly contribute to the aluminosilicates framework. Overall the uniform pore size and acidity are a considerably important parameter in enhancing the biodiesel (Fattahi et al, 2019;Mohebbi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Zeolite Based Nanocatalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Optimization of Nanocatalyst for Biodiesel Production: An Overview

et al. 2020

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Necessity and exploitation of fossil fuel products are implacable in serving the needs of humanity despite being a finite and limited resource. To meet the thrust of energy, biofuels derived from varieties of renewable resources are imperative in fulfilling the demand of renewable fuels on a large scale without creating environmental concerns. Biofuels are inevitably the result of the carbon fixation process which stores chemical energy, ultimately reducing the total amount of carbon dioxide. Different kinds of biofuels like bioethanol, biomethanol, biogas, and biodiesel are derived depending on varieties of feedstock materials. Among these, production of biodiesel augments the progression of clean and renewable fuel. In this review, we have discussed the production of biodiesel derived from various feedstock and using several processes like pyrolysis, direct blending, micro-emulsion, and trans-esterification, with critical discussion focussing on increasing biodiesel production using nanocatalysts. Biodiesel production mainly proceeds through homogenous and heterogeneous catalysis via trans-esterification method. The review further discusses the significance of nanocatalyst in heterogeneous catalysis based trans-esterification for large scale biodiesel production. With the advent of nanotechnology, designing and modification of nanocatalyst gives rise to attractive properties such as increased surface area, high thermal stability, and enhanced catalytic activity. The role of nanocatalysts have been extensively studied and investigated in regard to the increased biodiesel production. Along with the modification of nanocatalysts, we have briefly discussed the physico-chemical properties and the role of the optimization parameters as it plays a pivotal role in enhancing the biodiesel production commercially.

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“…Amberlyst catalysts such as Amberlyst-15 (Weerachanchai et al, 2012), Amberlyst-70 (Wu et al, 2016;Hu et al, 2012), rice husk ash-based catalyst (Sutrisno & Hidayat, 2016), ion exchange resin (Wang et al, 2010), heteropoly acids (Prasertpong & Tippayawong, 2019), modified zirconia (Kim et al, 2012;Thitsartarn & Kawi, 2011), and zeolite-based catalysts (Milina et al, 2014;Nandiwale et al, 2013). Zeolite-based catalysts including natural zeolites have a great potential as a catalyst for esterification (Fattahi et al, 2019;Osatiashtiani et al, 2017). Indonesian natural zeolite showed a good surface porosity (Kadarwati & Wahyuni, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esterification of Bio-Oil Produced from Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) Wood Using Indonesian Natural Zeolites

Kadarwati

Apriliani

Annisa

et al. 2021

Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev.

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The bio-oil produced from pyrolysis of woody biomass typically shows unfavourable characteristics such as high acidity, hence it becomes highly corrosive. An upgrading process, e.g., esterification, is necessary to improve the bio-oil quality prior to its use as a transportation fuel. In this work, the bio-oil was produced through a fast pyrolysis of Sengon wood in a fixed-bed pyrolyser at various temperatures. The characteristics (density, viscosity, total acid number, relative concentration of acetic acid, etc.) of the bio-oil were evaluated. The bio-oil with the highest acidity underwent an esterification catalysed by Indonesian natural zeolites at 70 oC for 0-180 min with a ratio of bio-oil to methanol of 1:3. The catalytic performance of the Indonesian natural zeolites during the esterification was investigated. A significant decrease in the total acid number in the bio-oil was observed, indicating the zeolite catalyst’s good performance. No significant coke formation (0.002-3.704 wt.%) was obtained during the esterification. An interesting phenomenon was observed; a significant decrease in the total acid number was found in the heating up of the bio-oil in the presence of the catalyst but in the absence of methanol. Possibly, other reactions catalysed by the Brønsted and Lewis acids at the zeolite catalyst surface also occurred during the esterification.

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Zeolite-Based Catalysts: A Valuable Approach toward Ester Bond Formation

Cited by 43 publications

References 127 publications

A Short Review on Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Zeolites

A Short Review on Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Zeolites

Fabrication and Optimization of Nanocatalyst for Biodiesel Production: An Overview

Esterification of Bio-Oil Produced from Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) Wood Using Indonesian Natural Zeolites

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