Železnice a evropská dopravní politika – ideje, strategie, nástroje a jejich aplikace

Characteristics of Austrian passenger transport policy development since the 1950s

“…Until the 1970s, transport policies in Austria were understood and conducted as part of the national economic policy (Kvizda, et al, 2018). The main objectives were to ensure effective transportation production.…”

“…In the early 1990s, owing to the country's planned entry into the European Union, its transport policy changed and major investments in railway projects were approved (ÖBB-Personenverkehr AG, 2009; Kvizda et. al., 2018).…”

“…In the third phase , through the integration of Austria into a supranational organisation-the EU-in 1995, the country relinquished parts of its sovereignty, especially in economic policy matters, because transport policy from then on has been determined by the EU regulations (Lindenbaum, 2003;Seidenglanz, 2006;Kvizda et al, 2018). Since the 1990s, however, the chances for a holistic, citizen-oriented transport policy have worsened again, as economic problems and the associated shift from an open public spending policy to a restrictive budget policy, in congruence with the Maastricht criteria, repressed the transport policy and ecological goals for the time being.…”

“…Railways, therefore, need to increase speed and improve service levels in all parts of the European Union if passengers and goods are to move from road to rail. Furthermore, in the new Member States, restructuring of rail transport and a market adjustment is necessary, which will require several socially difficult decisions and will lead to a significant reduction in employment in the rail sector (European Communities, 2006;Jarzembowski, 2007;Kvizda et al, 2018).…”