Zastosowanie nanotechnologii w ochronie przeciwpożarowej

Łukaszczuk, Paweł

doi:10.12845/bitp.42.2.2016.9

Cited by 2 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In order to combat fires, a number of fire suppression systems have been introduced that rely on various nano-scale chemical mixtures in order to effectively extinguishing fires [93,94]. Extinguishing agents affect combustion in many ways and therefore they are classified as: cooling, thinning, insulating, and inertial [95], with the most effective substances extinguishing the fire in several ways.…”

Section: Extinguishingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effectiveness of dry powders depends on their composition and particle size. The use of very fine and nano-sized particles of inorganic oxides is widespread among all-purpose firefighting agents for fires caused by combustible solids (class A), flammable liquids (class B), and gases (class C) [94,96,97].…”

Section: Extinguishingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Foams cover the burning surfaces and isolate them from the spreading flame front. The foams separate the fuel from the oxygen, and the low-expansion foams provide significant cooling [94,96,103]. In recent years, a lot of work has been carried out on the preparation and application of fine and ultrafine extinguishing powders in order to determine the effect of particle size on the extinguishing efficiency and explosion protection.…”

Section: Extinguishingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, carbonate-based powders emit CO 2 and water vapor as a result of thermal decomposition, which displaces oxygen. Extinguishing powders are also used to suppress explosions, where, when applied to the combustion zone, they prevent an explosion from developing to a significant size [94,107].…”

Section: Extinguishingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted that typical extinguishing powders are not very effective in extinguishing a gas flame because their contact surface and sedimentation time are not sufficient. Nanopowders with a grain diameter of approximately 100 nm fall in the air at a speed of 7.3 cm/day, and their specific surface area is on the order of 25-100 m 2 /g, thus their quenching efficiency is about 30 times higher than that of conventional powders [94].…”

Section: Extinguishingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanotechnology in Fire Protection—Application and Requirements

et al. 2021

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Nanotechnology is used, to an increasing extent, in practically every aspect of the economy and society. One area where nanotechnology is constantly advancing is fire protection. Nanostructures are found in elements used in direct protection, such as in protective clothing, filters, and helmets. Solutions in the field of nanotechnology are also used in elements reducing the fire risk and increasing the fire safety, such as building materials and structures, paints, coatings, or fire safety equipment (e.g., fire detectors). However, new solutions may also pose a threat to the safety of people and the environment. As a result of operation or combustion and degradation processes, the emission of nano-substances with toxic properties may occur. Therefore, knowledge in this field is necessary, as it allows for the appropriate targeting and use of nanotechnology.

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Section: Extinguishingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extinguishingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extinguishingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extinguishingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extinguishingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanotechnology in Fire Protection—Application and Requirements

et al. 2021

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Concentrations of Particulate Matter and PM-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Released during Combustion of Various Types of Materials and Possible Toxicological Potential of the Emissions: The Results of Preliminary Studies

Bralewska

Rakowska

2020

IJERPH

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The aim of this study was to compare the concentrations of particulate matter (PM) and PM-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during the combustion of various types of materials (i.e., oak, beech, and pine wood, polypropylene, polyurethane, paper, cotton, and oriented strand board (OSB)), and to compare the carcinogenic, mutagenic, and toxic potential of the emissions during the burning of these materials. Personal portable sampling devices were used to collect samples and to determine concentrations of PM4, total suspended particles (TSPs), PM-bound PAHs. The samples were collected during controlled fires under laboratory conditions. The highest PM concentration was recorded during the burning of polyurethane (PM4-1818 mg/m3, TSP-2800 mg/m3), while the highest concentration of PAH mixture was recorded when burning OSB (628.5 µg/m3 PM4-bound; 791.2 µg/m3 TSP-bound PAHs). Thus, the highest carcinogenic (85.5 µg/m3), mutagenic (68.2 µg/m3) and toxic equivalents (26.4 ng/m3) of the PAH mixture were noted during OSB combustion. Carcinogenic potential (CP) of PAH group was determined mainly by phenanthrene (CP on average 21.6%) and pyrene concentrations (13.3%). The results of the study express possible adverse effects from PM-bound PAHs released during combustion for firefighters and other people staying near a fire site.

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Zastosowanie nanotechnologii w ochronie przeciwpożarowej

Cited by 2 publications

References 41 publications

Nanotechnology in Fire Protection—Application and Requirements

Nanotechnology in Fire Protection—Application and Requirements

Concentrations of Particulate Matter and PM-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Released during Combustion of Various Types of Materials and Possible Toxicological Potential of the Emissions: The Results of Preliminary Studies

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