Yunnan Baiyao Conditioned Medium Promotes the Odonto/Osteogenic Capacity of Stem Cells from Apical Papilla via Nuclear Factor Kappa B Signaling Pathway

Abstract

Yunnan Baiyao is a traditional Chinese herbal remedy that has long been used for its characteristics of wound healing, bone regeneration, and anti-inflammation. However, the effects of Yunnan Baiyao on the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) and the potential mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the odonto/osteogenic differentiation effects of Yunnan Baiyao on SCAPs and the underlying mechanisms involved. SCAPs were isolated and cocultured with Yunnan Baiyao conditioned media. The proliferation ability was determined by cell counting kit 8 and flow cytometry. The differentiation capacity and the involvement of NF-κB pathway were investigated by alkaline phosphatase assay, alizarin red staining, immunofluorescence assay, real-time RT-PCR, and western blot analyses. Yunnan Baiyao conditioned medium at the concentration of 50 μg/mL upregulated alkaline phosphatase activity, induced more mineralized nodules, and increased the expression of odonto/osteogenic genes/proteins (e.g., OCN/OCN, OPN/OPN, OSX/OSX, RUNX2/RUNX2, ALP/ALP, COL-I/COL-I, DMP1, DSP/DSPP) of SCAPs. In addition, the expression of cytoplasmic phos-IκBα, phos-P65, and nuclear P65 was significantly increased in Yunnan Baiyao conditioned medium treated SCAPs in a time-dependent manner. Conversely, the differentiation of Yunnan Baiyao conditioned medium treated SCAPs was obviously inhibited when these stem cells were cocultured with the specific NF-κB inhibitor BMS345541. Yunnan Baiyao can promote the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of SCAPs via the NF-κB signaling pathway.

The Synergic Effect of Terpenoid and Steroidal Saponins Can Improve Bone Healing, by Promoting the Osteogenic Commitment of Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells: An In Vitro Study

“…Several studies have demonstrated that MSCs increase the production of ALP only in the presence of osteogenic stimuli [24,27,32]. In agreement with these studies, our results showed a huge production of ALP, only in the presence of an osteogenic medium.…”

“…A recent study investigates the odonto/osteogenic induction capacity of YB on stem cells from apical papilla [32,33]. Pang and colleagues reported that YB powder is rich in calcium ions, and it is the main reason for its well-known hemostatic properties.…”

“…Pang and colleagues reported that YB powder is rich in calcium ions, and it is the main reason for its well-known hemostatic properties. In fact, calcium ions can stimulate the local production of hemostatic agents; moreover, the calcium ions interact with cytokines and growth factors, so stimulating the local bone formation [32][33][34][35]. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are located in several areas of the human body.…”

Multidifferentiation potential of dental-derived stem cells

“…In 2020, Deng et al[ 98 ] reported that platelet derived growth factor BB promoted SCAPs osteogenic differentiation and enhanced bone formation in calvarial defects combined with a thermosensitive hydrogel[ 98 ]. Both conditioned culture medium containing traditional Chinese herbal remedy, Yunnan Baiyao, and high glucose α-Minimal Essential Medium can promote the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of SCAPs through the nuclear factor κB signaling pathway[ 99 , 100 ]. Depletion of lysine-specific demethylase 2A enhanced the adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potentials of SCAPs[ 101 ].…”

Multi-Omics Analysis of Anti-Inflammatory Action of Alkaline Extract of the Leaves of Sasa sp.

“…In fact, the anti-HIV activity of the aklaine extract of bamoo leaf declined by removal of the lignin–carbohydrate complex [ 3 ]. Although many papers have reported the utilization of alkaline extract for the treatment of oral disease, mechanistic analysis of biological actions such as bone regeneration and anti-inflammation [ 4 ], periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone loss [ 5 ], anti-oral bacterial activity [ 6 ], and alleviation of oral lichenoid dysplasia [ 7 ] by alkaline extract has been limited.…”