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Amorosi, Thomas; Buckland, Paul C.; Dugmore, Andrew; Ingimundarson, Jón Haukur; McGovern, Thomas H.

doi:10.1023/a:1021879727837

Cited by 74 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Iceland, one of the most active volcanic regions on Earth (Thordarson and Höskuldsson 2008), has undergone severe ecosystem degradation and desertification over the millennia since the Norse settlement (Amorosi et al 1997, Dugmore et al 2009). An important contributing factor is heavy utilization of its fragile subarctic to boreal ecosystems, primarily by extensive clear-cutting of natural woodlands and livestock grazing (Gísladóttir et al 2010).…”

Section: Background: Disturbances and Land Degradation In Icelandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers of Ecological Restoration: Lessons from a Century of Restoration in Iceland

Aradóttir¹,

Pétursdóttir²,

Halldórsson³

et al. 2013

E&S

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ABSTRACT. We analyzed the main drivers for ecological restoration in Iceland from 1907 to 2010 and assessed whether the drivers have changed over time and what factors might explain the changes, if any. Our study was based on a catalogue of 100 restoration projects, programs, and areas, representing 75% to 85% of all restoration activities in Iceland. Catastrophic erosion was an early driver for soil conservation and restoration efforts that still ranked high in the 2000s, reflecting the immense scale of soil erosion and desertification in Iceland. Socioeconomic drivers such as farming and the provision of wood products were strong motivators of ecological restoration over most of the 20th century, although their relative importance decreased with time as the number and diversity of drivers increased. In the 1960s and 1970s, the construction of hard infrastructure, and moral values such as improving the aesthetics of the countryside and "repaying the debt to the land" emerged as motivations for restoration actions. In the late 1990s, the United Nations Climate Change Convention became a driver for restoration, and the importance of nature conservation and recreation increased. Technological development and financial incentives did not show up as drivers of ecological restoration in our study, although there are some indications of their influence. Furthermore, policy was a minor driver, which might reflect weak policy instruments for ecological restoration and some counteractive policies.

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Section: Background: Disturbances and Land Degradation In Icelandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers of Ecological Restoration: Lessons from a Century of Restoration in Iceland

Aradóttir¹,

Pétursdóttir²,

Halldórsson³

et al. 2013

E&S

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“…Water is an essential part of the Nordic landscape and livelihood. It has been of fundamental importance for human survival, historical land use, and cultural traditions (Amorosi et al 1997). Furthermore, natural water systems, such as lakes, rivers, and wetlands, provide key ecosystem services, and their management is essential for sustainable development in the Nordic countries.…”

Section: What the 21st Century Brings To Hydrology From The Nordic Pe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nordic hydrological frontier in the 21st century

et al. 2022

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The 21st century has brought new challenges and opportunities and has also increased demands on the Nordic hydrological community. Our hydrological science focus and approaches need rethinking and adaptation to the changing requirements of society in response to climate change and human interventions, in search of more comprehensive and cross-disciplinary solutions. This commentary highlights new possibilities and suggests vital steps forward for the scientific discipline within Nordic hydrological research. By providing a common direction, we hope to increase awareness, accelerate progress in the hydrological community, and emphasize the importance of hydrological knowledge for serving other fields of science and society at large. We hope that our vision and the opportunities we identify will raise awareness of the scientific discipline and assist in the long-term development of the Nordic hydrological frontier in the 21st century.

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“…Network perspectives have only recently been applied to North Atlantic archaeology (Sindbaek 2007a, 2007b, Carter 2015, Frei et al 2015, Lucas and Edwald 2015, although the North Atlantic Biocultural Organization has approached the material culture of the region from a systems perspective for a number of decades (e.g. Buckland et al 1996, Amorosi et al 1997, Vésteinsson et al 2002, Dugmore et al 2005, Lawson et al 2005, McGovern et al 2007. Other network-based research in Iceland is sparse.…”

Section: Network Perspectives In Archaeological Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Storied Lines: Network Perspectives on Land Use in Early Modern Iceland

Pálsson¹

2018

Norwegian Archaeological Review

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It is a truism nowadays to say that an archaeological site is embedded in extensive networks of relations. Connectivity has played a role in archaeological thinking for a considerable amount of time, and the adoption by archaeologists of both theoretical and methodological frameworks centring connectivity has become widespread. One such example is network analysis, which has seen a significant surge in interest within the field over the past two decades. Archaeological network analysis is far from a mature science, however, and the character of the archaeological record tends to yield networks with richly contextualised nodes connected by ties that, in stark contrast, are often based on very limited evidence for connectivity. Furthermore, archaeological networks are often accompanied by limited discussion about the implications for a connection between two sites interpreted through a commonality in material culture. In particular, the use of historical records to contextualise the interactions between sites remains somewhat uncommon. This paper takes an archaeo-historical network perspective by characterising land-use practices in early modern Iceland by mapping property records describing relations of ownership, resource claims and social obligations alongside comprehensive field archaeological surveys as extensive networks of interdependence between the known farmstead sites occupied at the time. This approach shows that these vibrant networks, documented both spatially and historically, regularly show signs of emergent properties. As these intersite relations begin to exert their own agency, the networks are cut, and the network lines begin to bundle up in knots and entanglements. The study, therefore, does not aim to quantify the presented networks using formal network analysis, but to use the networks as a starting point to investigate the properties that emerge as people aim to enact and materialise networks of property rights, resource claims and exchange.

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Untitled

Cited by 74 publications

References 37 publications

Drivers of Ecological Restoration: Lessons from a Century of Restoration in Iceland

Drivers of Ecological Restoration: Lessons from a Century of Restoration in Iceland

Nordic hydrological frontier in the 21st century

Storied Lines: Network Perspectives on Land Use in Early Modern Iceland

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