Yield response of field‐grown cowpea varieties to Bradyrhizobium inoculation

Souza

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

et al. 2023

Plants grown under salinity are subject to many morphological and physiological disorders. In this context, practices that can enable the use of saline water are essential. The deleterious effects of salinity can be mitigated by using beneficial microorganisms, especially diazotrophic bacteria. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of bacterial inoculation and co-inoculation using Bradyrhizobium spp. and Azospirillum brasilense on the growth, nodulation and production of cowpea under salt stress. The experiment was conducted using a randomized block design, in a 4 × 5 factorial arrangement, corresponding to four nitrogen sources (N1 - without nitrogen and without inoculant; N2 - fertilization with mineral nitrogen and without inoculant; N3 - inoculation of Bradyrhizobium spp.; and N4 - co-inoculation of Bradyrhizobium spp. and Azospirillum brasilense) and five values of electrical conductivity of irrigation water - ECw (0.4, 1.9, 3.4, 4.9 and 6.4 dS m-1), with five replicates. Co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense and Bradyrhizobium spp. favors the growth, production and nodulation of cowpea plants up to ECw of 0.4 dS m-1. Increase in the electrical conductivity of irrigation water negatively affects the growth, production and nodulation of cowpea plants in Corujinha variety, regardless of the nitrogen source used.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-inoculation with Bradyrhizobium spp. and Azospirillum brasilense in cowpea under salt stress

Souza

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

et al. 2023

“…The expected genetic advances as percent of the mean ranged from 8.99% for days to 95% maturity to 98.79% for stomata conductance. According to Johnson et al (1955) genetic advance as percent of mean was classi ed as low (< 10), medium (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) and high (> 20). High GAM at 5% selection intensity was recorded for all traits except PH, SD NIPP and DM.…”

Section: Phenotypic and Genotypic Variancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morpho-agronomic and physiological characterization of African roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) accessions at Hawassa, Ethiopia

Tilet,

Magule,

Abate

et al. 2024

Preprint

Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is an important multi-purpose crop utilized as a source of food as well as raw material for industries and medicinal purposes. Recent trends in research and commercial production of roselle have shown promising results in Ethiopia. Wider introduction and characterization of roselle accession for improvement and adaptation are important prerequisites to unlock the potential of the crop in the country. The aim of this study was to characterize morpho-agronomic and physiological diversity, genetic variability and association of characters in roselle accessions collected from different African countries (Benin, Burkina Faso, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gahna, Mali and Niger). A total of 81roselle accessions were evaluated using 9 x 9 simple lattice designs during 2021 main cropping season at Hawassa University research site. A total of 34 qualitative and quantitative morpho-agronomic and physiological traits were scored and analyzed. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) for 16 morpho-agronomic and physiological traits among roselle accessions. The highest calyx yield (1840.7kg ha− 1) was obtained from accession Ben-Hib-05djou-barienou, while the lowest calyx yield (187.36 kg ha− 1) was obtained from accession H08. The best performing five accessions, namely Ben-Hib-05djou-barienou, Gahna-Accra-08, H16, ETH-Asarc 09/1415, and Ben-Hib-20 Kandi-kassakou, gave the highest calyx yield from the studied roselle accessions. Three times greater yield advantages existed in accession Ben-Hib-05djou-barienou than in previously released varieties (WG-hibiscus-Sudan and WG-hibiscus-Jamaica). High and low genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variations were recorded for stomata conductance (51.96 and 54.18%) and days to 95% maturity (4.43 and 4.51%) respectively. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as a percentage of the mean were obtained for days to 50% emergence, days to 50% flowering, stomata conductance, number and weight of fruits per plant, number of seeds per fruit, and calyx yield per hectare. The first six principal components contribute 74.2% of the total variation. The studied accessions were grouped in to five clusters, which indicating divergence. These study show that crosses between the Cluster IV and V and cluster I and V will give maximum number of segregants and could contribute to varietal improvement. Considering calyx yield, plant height, number of branches per plant, and number of fruits per plant as selection criteria is important for a successful breeding program of roselle. The average Shannon diversity index of the qualitative traits in the accessions was 1.01. All qualitative characters had shown high variability except plant growth habit (0.46) and inner corolla color (0.48). The highest diversity index from the qualitative traits was observed in leaf base shape (1.55). To support the results, it would be better to characterize these materials using molecular markers. Furthermore, across location and over season trials could highlight GXE interactions on the variability of accessions.

“…Five Bradyrhizobium strains isolated in Ethiopia inoculated on five cowpea varieties improved the growth, biomass accumulation, and nodulation performance of the cowpea varieties tested, suggesting that the Bradyrhizobium isolates studied can be used to improve cowpea production [ 80 ]. Still in Ethiopia, a field experiment showed a significant improvement in seed yield (21%), pod number (16%), and weight of 100 seeds (13%) compared to control in cowpea varieties at three sites and two crop seasons due to inoculation with Bradyrhizobium strain CP-24 [ 81 ].…”

Section: Microsymbionts Inhabitants Of Pulse Nodulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Biofertilizers to Pulse Crops: From Single-Strain Inoculants to New Technologies Based on Microbiomes Strategies

Xavier

Jesus

Dias

et al. 2023

Plants

Pulses provide distinct health benefits due to their low fat content and high protein and fiber contents. Their grain production reaches approximately 93,210 × 103 tons per year. Pulses benefit from the symbiosis with atmospheric N2-fixing bacteria, which increases productivity and reduces the need for N fertilizers, thus contributing to mitigation of environmental impact mitigation. Additionally, the root region harbors a rich microbial community with multiple traits related to plant growth promotion, such as nutrient increase and tolerance enhancement to abiotic or biotic stresses. We reviewed the eight most common pulses accounting for almost 90% of world production: common beans, chickpeas, peas, cowpeas, mung beans, lentils, broad beans, and pigeon peas. We focused on updated information considering both single-rhizobial inoculation and co-inoculation with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. We found approximately 80 microbial taxa with PGPR traits, mainly Bacillus sp., B. subtilis, Pseudomonas sp., P. fluorescens, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and that contributed to improve plant growth and yield under different conditions. In addition, new data on root, nodule, rhizosphere, and seed microbiomes point to strategies that can be used to design new generations of biofertilizers, highlighting the importance of microorganisms for productive pulse systems.