Yield, Quality, and Nutraceutical Potential of Selected Muscadine Cultivars Grown in Southwestern Arkansas

Abstract

<jats:p>A muscadine grape (<jats:italic>Vitis rotundifolia</jats:italic>) planting was established in 1996 at the Southwest Research and Extension Center in Hope, Ark., to provide information on the performance of muscadine grape cultivars in a region where cold hardiness is not a major limitation. This research evaluated harvest parameters, fruit and juice quality, and nutraceutical potential of selected muscadine cultivars grown in southwestern Arkansas. The cultivars evaluated were `Black Beauty', `Carlos', `Cowart', `Doreen', `Early Fry', `Fry', `Granny Val', `Ison', `Jumbo', `Late Fry', NC67A015-17, NC67A015-26, `Nesbitt', `Scarlett', `Southern Home', `Sterling', `Sugargate', `Summit', `Supreme', and `Tara'. Muscadine cultivars differed in productivity and fruit quality. In 2002 and 2003, juice was produced from `Carlos', `Granny Val', `Ison', `Nesbitt', `Southern Home', `Summit', and `Supreme' grapes. `Black Beauty' was also produced into juice in 2003. In 2002, `Nesbitt' grapes had the highest juice yield, 520 L·t<jats:sup>–1</jats:sup> (124.6 gal/ton). `Ison' and `Supreme' juice had the highest soluble solids level. In 2003, `Granny Val' grapes had the highest juice yield, 551 L·t <jats:sup>–1</jats:sup> (132.0 gal/ton). `Southern Home' juice had the highest soluble solids. The press materials of muscadine grapes were a potential source of high levels of nutraceutical compounds. Dried seeds had the highest total phenolic and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) levels followed by the dried skins, the grapes, and then the juice. The skins of the black cultivars had the highest total anthocyanins level. `Supreme' seeds had the highest total phenolic and ORAC levels while `Ison' skins had the highest total anthocyanin levels. Based on yield, harvest, and juice quality, cultivars recommended to growers in southwestern Arkansas and other areas with a similar climate include `Black Beauty', `Carlos', `Fry', `Granny Val', `Nesbitt', `Southern Home', `Summit', and `Supreme'.</jats:p>

Identification of anthocyanins in muscadine grapes with HPLC-ESI-MS

“…In contrast, the purpleskinned muscadine grapes had much higher anthocyanin content with the Jumbo grapes having the highest level of 4.1 mg/g, followed by the Cowart grapes at 2.6 mg/g. The total anthocyanin content in most of the cultivars of muscadine grapes has been reported in previous studies (Pastrana-Bonilla, et al, 2003;Striegler et al, 2005). The levels of total anthocyanins in the Jumbo and Cowart grapes obtained by the present study were comparable to the previously reported values.…”

“…As consumers become aware of these health benefits associated with the consumption of muscadine grapes, demand for fresh and processed products from muscadine grapes has increased. As a result, the muscadine grape industry is currently experiencing its greatest growth in decades and the outlook for continued future expansion is excellent (Striegler et al, 2005).…”

Phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of different grape cultivars grown in China

“…It was reported that the total phenols in skin extracts of V. vinifera and V. rotundifolia were lower than in seed extracts (Iacopini, Baldi, Storchi, & Sebastiani, 2008;Striegler et al, 2005). Similar results were also found in this study where the total phenols in seeds were much higher than in skins of the V. vinifera ''Cabernet Sauvignon" and Muscadine ''Fry" and ''Noble" (Table 1).…”

Stilbene Levels in the Tissue and Juice of Muscadine Grapes (Vitis rotundifoliaMichx.)

“…This may explain the wide variations in stilbenes from one year to the next. Other work has suggested that the developmental stage can have a substantial effect on stilbene content (Striegler et al, 2005). Early work on V. vinifera grapes reported that resveratrol levels increased up to veraison (color formation) but decreased with maturity after that point (Jeandet et al, 1991).…”