YIELD OF DRY MATTER, <i>IN VITRO</i>-DIGESTIBLE DRY MATTER AND CRUDE PROTEIN OF FORAGES

Fulkerson, R. S.; Mowat, D. N.; Tossell, W. E.; Winch, J. E.

doi:10.4141/cjps67-118

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The quality of the product decreases with advancing maturity (3,4,10), but some quality must be sacrificed in order to obtain satisfactory yields (6,8). Fulkerson et al (6) suggest harvesting grasses at the heading stage and lucerne at the very first flower and systems based on 1/10 bloom (4) or calendar date (11) have also resulted in high yields of 44 high quality lucerne. Both systems result in three cuts prior to September, the last date of cutting in this region which will permit replenishment oflucerne root reserves (7,14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The number of cuts influences yield (4,5,8) and cutting during the autumn rest period markedly reduces persistence of lucerne {Medicago saliva L.) (7,14). The quality of the product decreases with advancing maturity (3,4,10), but some quality must be sacrificed in order to obtain satisfactory yields (6,8). Fulkerson et al (6) suggest harvesting grasses at the heading stage and lucerne at the very first flower and systems based on 1/10 bloom (4) or calendar date (11) have also resulted in high yields of 44 high quality lucerne.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determining Cutting Schedules for Maximum Yield and Quality of Brome Grass, Timothy, Lucerne and Lucerne/Grass Mixtures

Winch

Sheard

Mowat

1970

Grass and Forage Science

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Three gra$»-and two lucerne-based harvest schedules were applied to pure sowings of timothy, smooth hrome grass, lucerne and the single grass/lucerne mixtures. Harvesting at the mediumbud stage of development of lucerne was selected as the criterion which provided the highest DM yield in conjunction with high and consistent levels of rVD and CP from harvest to harvest, as well as persistence of the species in the pure sowings of lucerne,'grass mixtures. On the same basis, the heads-emerged stage of development proved most satisfactory for harvesting pure sowings of timothy and hrome grass.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining Cutting Schedules for Maximum Yield and Quality of Brome Grass, Timothy, Lucerne and Lucerne/Grass Mixtures

Winch

Sheard

Mowat

1970

Grass and Forage Science

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“…Differences among grass species also contributed to variations in forage quality. In this study, CP levels of clover grass associations were 2-8 percentage units higher than for grasses sown alone and cut at the pre-bloom stage (Fulkerson et al 1967;Grant & Burgess 1978;Bittman et al 1981), irrespective of cutting date. In white clover/tall fescue and white clover/orchardgrass associations, CP can exceed 14% in early November in Nova Scotia , indicating that white clover increases and maintains CP at a high level and reduces fibre content of forage throughout the growing season in Atlantic Canada.…”

Section: R E S U L T S a N D Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Differences in nutritional characteristics between years 1 and 3 (Table 6) in first cut herbage were likely because of a 6-day delay in the first harvest which reduces CP content in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and several grass species (Fulkerson et al 1967). The differences could also be due to air temperatures in May preceding cut 1 which were 3% above normal in year 1 but 46% above normal in year 3 (Table 1).…”

Section: R E S U L T S a N D Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Herbage yield and composition of white clover/grass associations in Atlantic Canada

Fraser

Kunelius

1995

J. Agric. Sci.

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White clover cultivars Sacramento ladino, Sonja and Aberystwyth S. 184 were assessed for dry matter (DM) yields, clover content and herbage quality in monostand and in 50:50 mixtures with grasses under cutting at Truro, Nova Scotia and Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island between 1986 and 1989. Grasses were: orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.). Dry matter yields ranged from 6158 to 11645 kg/ha and were highest in white clover/orchardgrass and white clover/timothy at Truro, and in white clover/timothy at Charlottetown. Sonja and Aberystwyth S.I84 outperformed Sacramento white clover in herbage DM and clover yield in all years at both locations. First-cut herbage contributed 39 and 29% of total yields at Truro and Charlottetown, respectively. Clover yield was highest in first-cut Sacramento/orchardgrass, but dropped by up to 73% in white clover/timothy associations over a 2-year period. Crude protein ranged from 14-4% in clover/timothy to 23-4% in clover/reed canarygrass and was positively correlated with clover content. It was concluded that choice of clover cultivar as well as grass is an important consideration in maximizing herbage yields and quality in the Atlantic region.arundinacea Schreb.), is also a recommended pastureIn the Atlantic provinces of Nova Scotia, Prince to extend the grazing season to mid-October (Fraser Edward Island, Newfoundland and New Brunswick, et al. 1993;Kunelius & Narasimhalu 1993). Timothy naturalized white clover (Trifolium repens L.) grows {Phleum pratense L.) is used mainly for conserved feed in old pastures where it co-exists with bluegrasses (Grant & Burgess 1978) and reed canarygrass (Poa spp.) and bentgrasses (Agrostis spp.) (Fraser (Phalaris arundinacea L.) is used on poorly drained 1989). These naturalized ecotypes are well adapted to areas in Newfoundland (McKenzie & Connolly 1991). the cool moist temperate climate in Atlantic Canada, However, little is known about the compatibility of but are not very productive. The European white white clover cultivars with orchardgrass, tall fescue, clover cultivars Sonja and Milkanova have been timothy or reed canarygrass in Canada. The objective shown to have superior dry matter (DM) yields with of these experiments was to determine DM yield, orchardgrass compared to Sacramento and native white clover yield (i.e. DM in the herbage) and white clover in this region. Herbage DM yields of up herbage quality of white clover varieties in monostand to 110 t/ha with orchardgrass (Dactylisglomerata L.) and in binary associations with the four grasses over under cutting are possible in subsequent years, if the growing season in Atlantic

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“…The in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) of tissue has also been used as an indicator of forage quality. Research with cool-season grass species has shown that stage of maturity rather than applied fertilizer has a major influence on this quality constituent (Fulkerson et al, 1967;Calder and MacLeod, 1968;Pritchard et al, 1963). There are, however, few reports on the influence of fertilizer application on the IVDMD of the seeded warm-season prairie grasses.…”

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Time and Rate of Fertilization on Seeded Warm‐Season and Bluegrass Pastures. II. Quality and Nutrient Content¹

Rehm¹,

Sorensen²,

Moline

1977

Agronomy Journal

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There is relatively limited available information to be found which pertains to the effect of fertilizer application on the quality and nutrient concentration of seeded warm‐season as well as bluegrass pastures grown under more arid conditions. Therefore, this study was designed to measure the influence of the application of N and P fertilizers in early (mid‐April) and late (late May) spring on the quality (protein and in vitro dry matter disappearance) and nutrient (NO8−‐N, P, K, Ca, Mg) concentration of seeded warm‐season and bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) pastures from 1971 through 1974. Applications of N (0, 45, 90, 135, and 180 kg/ha) and P (0, 8.5, 17, 25.5 and 34 kg/ha) were repeated in each of the 4 years. Whole‐plant samples were collected from each plot at harvest. These samples were analyzed for in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) and protein percentage. In addition, whole‐plant samples were collected from all plots approximately 30 days after fertilizer application in both 1973 and 1974. These samples were analyzed for NO3‐N, protein‐N, P, K, Ca, and Mg. Fertilization with both N and P had no consistent effect on the IVDMD percentage of mature forage. The protein percentage of the mature forage increased linearly with rate of fertilizer N. Kentucky bluegrass forage had a higher percentage of protein than the mixture of warm season prairie grasses which consisted of big bluestem (Andropogon gerardi Vitman.), switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash.), and sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Tarr.). Protein production from the bluegrass pasture was increased eight‐fold by application of both N and P. There was a six‐fold increase in protein production from the warm‐season prairie grasses when adequate rates of both N and P were applied. The concentration of P in samples collected at harvest as well as those collected 30 days after fertilizer application increased linearly with rate of applied P in all cases. The ratio, normalKCa+Mg,, exceeded the critical value of 2.2 only when N and P were applied to the warm season grasses in early spring of 1974. The concentration of NO3−‐N in forage from both pastures was increased by applied N but did not approach the 2,000 ppm level generally considered to be lethal to livestock.

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YIELD OF DRY MATTER, IN VITRO-DIGESTIBLE DRY MATTER AND CRUDE PROTEIN OF FORAGES

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Determining Cutting Schedules for Maximum Yield and Quality of Brome Grass, Timothy, Lucerne and Lucerne/Grass Mixtures

Determining Cutting Schedules for Maximum Yield and Quality of Brome Grass, Timothy, Lucerne and Lucerne/Grass Mixtures

Herbage yield and composition of white clover/grass associations in Atlantic Canada

Time and Rate of Fertilization on Seeded Warm‐Season and Bluegrass Pastures. II. Quality and Nutrient Content¹

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YIELD OF DRY MATTER, IN VITRO-DIGESTIBLE DRY MATTER AND CRUDE PROTEIN OF FORAGES

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Determining Cutting Schedules for Maximum Yield and Quality of Brome Grass, Timothy, Lucerne and Lucerne/Grass Mixtures

Determining Cutting Schedules for Maximum Yield and Quality of Brome Grass, Timothy, Lucerne and Lucerne/Grass Mixtures

Herbage yield and composition of white clover/grass associations in Atlantic Canada

Time and Rate of Fertilization on Seeded Warm‐Season and Bluegrass Pastures. II. Quality and Nutrient Content1

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Time and Rate of Fertilization on Seeded Warm‐Season and Bluegrass Pastures. II. Quality and Nutrient Content¹