Yeast and Fungal Polysaccharides

Ohno, Naohito

doi:10.1016/b978-044451967-2/00132-x

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…The results in this study suggest that the affinity of chitin to bind bacterial and fungal cells was higher than that of mannan and β-glucan (Figure ). However, chitin is generally a minor component in the yeast cell wall, accounting for only 1–2% of the cell wall dry mass . It is important to note that the deposition of these selected biomolecules on a plastic surface may not fully represent the orientation and availability of these molecules on YCWPs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, chitin is generally a minor component in the yeast cell wall, accounting for only 1−2% of the cell wall dry mass. 36 It is important to note that the deposition of these selected biomolecules on a plastic surface may not fully represent the orientation and availability of these molecules on YCWPs. Furthermore, the biocomplexity of mannan oligosaccharides may be not be fully represented by mannan used in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biobased Sanitizer Delivery System for Improved Sanitation of Bacterial and Fungal Biofilms

Huang¹,

Dou²,

Nitin³

2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Biofilms can persist in food-processing environments because of their relatively higher tolerance and resistance to antimicrobials including sanitizers. In this study, a novel biobased sanitizer composition was developed to effectively target biofilms and deliver chlorine-based sanitizers to inactivate bacterial and fungal biofilms. The biobased composition was developed by encapsulating a chlorine-binding polymer in a biobased yeast cell wall particle (YCWP) microcarrier. This study demonstrates the high affinity of biobased compositions to bind target bacterial and fungal cells and inactivate 5 logs of model pathogenic bacteria and fungi in wash water without and with high organic load (chemical oxygen demand = 2000 mg/L) in 30 s and 5 min, respectively. For the sanitation of biofilms, this biobased sanitizer can inactivate 7 logs of pathogenic bacteria and 3 logs of fungi after 1 h treatment, whereas the 1 h treatment using conventional chlorine-based sanitizer can only achieve 2–3 log reduction for bacterial biofilms and 1–2 log reduction for fungal biofilms, respectively. The enhanced antimicrobial activity can be attributed to three factors: (a) localized high concentration of chlorine bound on the YCWPs; (b) high affinity of YCWPs to bind diverse microbes; and (c) improved stability in an organic-rich aqueous environment. In summary, these unique attributes of biobased carriers will significantly enhance the sanitation efficacy of biofilms, reduce the persistence and transmission of antimicrobial resistant microbes, limit the use of antimicrobial chemicals, and improve the cost-effectiveness of sanitizers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biobased Sanitizer Delivery System for Improved Sanitation of Bacterial and Fungal Biofilms

Huang¹,

Dou²,

Nitin³

2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…The fungal cell wall is 90% composed of polysaccharides, including glycogen, β-glucan, α-glucan, galactan, mannan, galactomannan, xylomannan, polygalactosaminde, chitin, chitosan, cellulose, and polyuronide [ 6 ]. These polysaccharides play a predominant role in the rheological, growth, pathogenicity, cell protection, resistance, chemical signal transfer, and stress-related pathways of fungi [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Polysaccharides from Trichoderma harzianum with Antioxidant, Anticancer, and Enzyme Inhibition Properties

et al. 2021

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In this work, a total of six polysaccharides were isolated from culture filtrate (EPS1, EPS2) and mycelia (IPS1–IPS4) of Trichoderma harzianum. The HPLC analysis results showed that EPS1, EPS2, IPS1, and IPS2 were composed of mannose, ribose, glucose, galactose, and arabinose. The FT-IR, 1H, and 13C NMR chemical shifts confirmed that the signals in EPS1 mainly consist of (1→4)-linked α-d-glucopyranose. EPS1 and IPS1 showed a smooth and clean surface, while EPS2, IPS2, and IPS3 exhibited a microporous structure. Among polysaccharides, EPS1 displayed higher ABTS+ (47.09 ± 2.25% and DPPH (26.44 ± 0.12%) scavenging activities, as well as higher α-amylase (69.30 ± 1.28%) and α-glucosidase (68.22 ± 0.64 %) inhibition activity than the other polysaccharides. EPS1 exhibited high cytotoxicity to MDA-MB293 cells, with an IC50 of 0.437 mg/mL, and this was also confirmed by cell staining and FACS assays. These results report the physicochemical and bioactive properties of polysaccharides from T. harzianum.

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“…20 It may be noted that the cell wall of yeast possesses 1-2% of chitin, whereas the cell wall of filamentous fungi possesses around 10-30% of chitin, compared to the dry weight of their cell walls. 21 It is worth noting that chitin can be extracted via acid treatment of the natural sources, from which chitosan is prepared via processes that lead to demineralization, deproteination, and deacetylation. 22,23 Chitin biopolymers have been broadly utilized in numerous domains, including agriculture, food, general medicine, aquaculture, cosmetics, dental medicine (orthodontics), wastewater and membrane production applications.…”

Section: Chitin and Chitosanmentioning

confidence: 99%