As a result, an effective VSC strategy is required to enhance the transient response so that the vehicle is able to follow the desired motion characteristics in a fast performance.In formulation of vehicle dynamics behavior, a discrepancy always exists between the actual vehicle model and its mathematical model used for the controller design. Considering the nonlinearity of tire forces, vehicle motion is represented as a nonlinear system, especially during a severe manoeuver. Moreover, an external disturbance such as lateral crosswind may have an effect on controlling the vehicle. Therefore, designing control laws that provide the fast transient performance to the closed-loop system in the presence of these disturbance and uncertainties is a challenging task for vehicle directional stability control. This review study begins with the control objectives in section II. The main types of the VSC system are discussed in section III and followed by reviewing the control strategies and problems in section IV. In section V, a robust control method using fast terminal sliding mode control is discussed and ended with conclusion in section VI.
II. CONTROL OBJECTIVESIn vehicle stability control system, vehicle yaw rate and vehicle body sideslip angle, which is the deviation angle between the vehicle longitudinal velocity and its motion direction, are both used as control objectives for evaluating the lateral (cornering) directional behavior of the vehicle [1]. The reason why these two parameters are critical to control the lateral dynamics of the vehicle is that yaw rate control helps the vehicle to maintain the desired rate and direction of rotation about its vertical axis. However, yaw rate control alone is not sufficient for keeping the vehicle moving along the desired path. For instance, if the tire-road friction coefficient is small or if the vehicle speed is too high, controlling the yaw rate can only maintain the vehicle in the intended orientation, but the vehicle sideslip angle may increase considerably causing the vehicle to deviate significantly from its desired path [1]. Consequently, forcing both the yaw rate and sideslip angle to follow their desired values is essential for controlling the lateral dynamics of the vehicle as shown in Fig. 1.