XPS analysis on the influence of water on the evolution of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate–derived reaction layer in lubricated rolling contacts

Nedelcu, Ileana; Piras, Enrica; Rossi, Antonella; Pasaribu, H.R.

doi:10.1002/sia.4853

Cited by 39 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Steady state tribofilm thickness is also affected by water concentration in the oil; the more water concentration the less the tribofilm thickness. The results are in line with the previous research by Nedelcu et al (19) and Cen et al (11). It can be linked to the formation of shorter chain polyphosphates due to the depolymerisation of the longer chain polyphosphates by water molecules (11).…”

Section: Effect Of Water On Tribofilm Growth and Wearsupporting

confidence: 94%

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An experimental and analytical study of the effect of water and its tribochemistry on the tribocorrosive wear of boundary lubricated systems with ZDDP-containing oil

Parsaeian

Ghanbarzadeh

Wilson

et al. 2016

Wear

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ReuseUnless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version -refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher's website. TakedownIf you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing eprints@whiterose.ac.uk including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 1 An experimental and analytical study of the effect of water and its tribochemistry on the tribocorrosive wear of boundary lubricated systems with ZDDP-containing oil AbstractWater has long been recognised as a contaminant in lubricants. It can affect wear performance, especially in bearing systems, in complex ways. Water can also induce corrosion, which in turn can enhance wear. The individual parts of any tribocorrosion system are related to a complex mix of system parameters such as lubricant and additives, relative humidity and temperature. The effect of different water concentrations and different temperatures has been studied experimentally in this work. A modification to Archard's wear coefficient was applied with respect to the experimental measurements. The new wear model considering the effect of water was implemented into the previously-reported numerical model to develop a new semi-deterministic numerical wear model adapted to the tribocorrosion system in this work. IntroductionWater in lubricants has been known to be a contaminant for many systems (1-3). It is shown to affect the wear performance, especially in bearing systems, in different ways (4-10). The presence of water in lubricated tribosystems, particularly in bearing applications, can cause corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement, which can increase wear and friction (8). In addition, even small amount of water in parts per million (ppm) may accelerate the oxidation of oil (11).To investigate the effect of water contamination on the performance of lubricated systems, it is essential to know the form that water exists in the oil (12). Water can be present in oil in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 2 two different forms which are dissolved water and free water (13). D...

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Section: Effect Of Water On Tribofilm Growth and Wearsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…conditions. Similar to the findings of Nedelcu et al (19) they found that the water in the oil inhibits the formation of the protective ZDDP tribofilm.…”

Section: Effect Of Water On the Lubricant Performancesupporting

confidence: 87%

An experimental and analytical study of the effect of water and its tribochemistry on the tribocorrosive wear of boundary lubricated systems with ZDDP-containing oil

Parsaeian

Ghanbarzadeh

Wilson

et al. 2016

Wear

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show abstract

“…This approach has extensively been demonstrated in literature [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. It supports the fact that when higher water concentration is present in the oil at higher values of humidity and lower temperature, the tribofilm formed on the surface consists of shorter polyphosphates due to the depolymerisation of the longer polyphosphates chains [7,10]. The comparison between the ratios of BO/NBO of two temperatures reveals that the higher the tribofilm thickness the longer the polyphosphates chain (Table 4).…”

Section: Effect Of Relative Humidity On Tribochemistrysupporting

confidence: 65%

“…The effect of water on tribofilm characteristics has been the subject of recent studies [4,[9][10][11].…”

Section: Effect Of Water On Decomposition Of Zddp (Zinc Dialkyl Dithimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the interfacial mechanism of ZDDP tribofilm in humid environment and its effect on tribochemical wear; Part I: Experimental

Parsaeian

Eijk

Nedelcu

et al. 2017

Tribology International

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Wear performance of any tribological system can be influenced in a complex way by water contamination. Water can be the cause of steel corrosion which, in turn, can accelerate wear. It can decompose the additives in the oil and create a more corrosive environment which leads to the higher wear in the system. A key novelty of this study is to investigate the effect of relative humidity and the tribochemical changes on the tribological performance and tribofilm characteristics of boundary lubricated systems by means of designing a humidity control system integrated to the Mini Traction Machine (MTM) and Spacer Layer Interferometry Method (SLIM) for the first time. The system is capable of simulating rolling-sliding conditions continuously where lubricant can be contaminated with water. This paper is the first part of a two-part study and the theoretical aspects of the work is the subject of the second part of this investigation. It was observed that humidity hinders the tribofilm formation, especially at higher values of relative humidity and lower temperatures and it can significantly affect the wear process. The correlation between tribofilm thickness, water concentration, temperature and wear of the system was studied. The experimental results suggest that the higher the humidity, the higher the wear of the system and it is more noticeable at lower temperatures where the tribofilm in thinner. The surface chemistry of zinc polyphosphates was investigated as a function of humidity.

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Lubrication Mechanism of Phosphonium Phosphate Ionic Liquid in Nanoscale Single‐Asperity Sliding Contacts

Morales‐Collazo

Sadowski

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Inter

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While phosphonium phosphate ionic liquids (ILs) have been evaluated as additives for engine oils owing to their excellent physico‐chemical properties, miscibility with hydrocarbon fluids, and promising tribological properties, their lubrication mechanism is still not established. Here, atomic force microscopy (AFM) nanotribological experiments are performed using diamond‐like carbon‐coated silicon tips sliding on air‐oxidized steel in neat trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis(2‐ethylhexyl)phosphate IL. The AFM results indicate a reduction in friction only after the removal of the native oxide layer from steel. Laterally resolved analyses of the steel surface chemistry reveal a higher concentration of bis(2‐ethylhexyl)phosphate ions adsorbed on regions where the native oxide is mechanically removed together with a change in surface electrostatic potential. These surface modifications are proposed to be induced by a change in adsorption configuration of bis(2‐ethylhexyl)phosphate anions on metallic iron compared to their configuration on iron oxide together with a reduction of surface roughness, which lead to the formation of a densely packed, lubricious boundary layer only on metallic iron.

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XPS analysis on the influence of water on the evolution of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate–derived reaction layer in lubricated rolling contacts

Cited by 39 publications

References 25 publications

An experimental and analytical study of the effect of water and its tribochemistry on the tribocorrosive wear of boundary lubricated systems with ZDDP-containing oil

An experimental and analytical study of the effect of water and its tribochemistry on the tribocorrosive wear of boundary lubricated systems with ZDDP-containing oil

Study of the interfacial mechanism of ZDDP tribofilm in humid environment and its effect on tribochemical wear; Part I: Experimental

Lubrication Mechanism of Phosphonium Phosphate Ionic Liquid in Nanoscale Single‐Asperity Sliding Contacts

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