Xenoreactivity and engraftment of human mesenchymal stem cells transplanted into infarcted rat myocardium

Abstract

Adult human mesenchymal stem cells did not induce xenoreactivity in vitro in previously unexposed immunocompetent Sprague-Dawley rats. However, although mesenchymal stem cells are transplantable across allogeneic barriers, transplant rejection can occur in a xenogenic model. When transplanted into an immunoincompetent host, adult human mesenchymal stem cells showed persistent engraftment.

Allogeneic and Xenogeneic Transplantation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Immunocompetent Recipients Without Immunosuppressants

“…Three years later, a similar group of researchers reported again the successful transplantation of mouse BMSCs into infarcted rat heart [10]. However, 2 other studies, both first-authored by Grinnemo, reported unsuccessful transplantation of human BMSCs into infarcted rat heart [11,12]. The discrepancy could perhaps be explained by differences in immunological properties between human and mouse BMSCs.…”

Treatment of experimental arthritis by inducing immune tolerance with human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells

“…Besides their capacity to differentiate into mesenchymal and nonmesenchymal cell lineages (7,8) and their potential clinical application for the repair of damaged tissues, several recent studies have shown that bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) regulate the immune response, including in vitro inhibition of T cell proliferation, B cell function, and dendritic cell maturation (9)(10)(11)(12)(13). Some researchers have reported the use of BM-MSCs to treat allograft rejection and acute graftversus-host disease as well as to alleviate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), and autoimmune myocarditis (11,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). However, the specific molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the immunoregulatory activity of BM-MSCs remain a subject of controversy.…”

Transplanted xenogenic bone marrow stem cells survive and generate new bone formation in the posterolateral lumbar spine of non-immunosuppressed rabbits

“…Such immunological characteristics of BMSCs theoretically can make them impervious to immunorejection following xenogenic transplantation, irrespective of the use of immune suppression. Previous studies have reported conflicting results following xenogenic BMSCS transplantation into non-immunosuppressed hosts, ranging from no survival to differentiation into destination cells [9,19,28,30]. However, in our literature review, we were unable to find any study that had investigated the results of xenogenic BMSCs transplantation in a spine fusion model.…”