Xenograft Impregnated with Bone Marrow Mononuclear Fraction for Appositional Bone Regeneration in Rabbit Calvaria: A Clinical and Histomorphometric Study

Objective:To evaluate bony reconstruction of the atrophic anterior maxilla using particulate grafts with or without autologous bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC).Materials and Methods:Eight patients with atrophy of the anterior maxilla due to teeth loss were selected and split into groups according to the type of material used: Control Group (CG) (n = 4) - particulate xenograft only and Test Group (TG) (n = 4) - a combination of particulate xenograft and BMAC. Both groups received a collagen membrane to cover the xenograft. After 4 months, during implant placement, a sample of bone was removed from the graft area using a 2 mm diameter trephine bur. The specimens were fixed and preserved for histomorphometric evaluation, which included the following parameters: Mineralized tissue (MT) and non-MT (NMT). Cone beam computed tomography was performed at 3 time intervals to measure bone thickness: (1) Before grafting, (2) 4 months and (3) 8 months postgrafting, using localized bone gain (mm) as the outcome variable.Results:Tomographic analysis revealed bone gain in CG of 3.78 ± 1.35 mm and 4.34 ± 1.58 mm at 4 and 8 months, respectively. TG showed an increase of 3.79 ± 0.52 mm and 4.09 ± 1.33 mm after 4 and 8 months, respectively. Histomorphometric analysis revealed that, for CG, MT- and NMT-related values were 52.3% ± 16.78% and 47.70% ± 5.55%, respectively, whereas for TG, they were 65.04% ± 20.98% and 34.96 ± 10.38, respectively.Conclusion:Although radiographic bone gain appeared similar between the groups, the use of BMAC obtained via the BMAC® method revealed an increased mineralization trend in the anterior maxilla. It must be highlighted, however, that this is a preliminary study with a relatively small sample population and further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to verify these results.

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“…The authors concluded that the bone marrow was the ideal source of cells, particularly in its concentrated form. [ 6 7 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can bone marrow aspirate concentrate change the mineralization pattern of the anterior maxilla treated with xenografts? A preliminary study

et al. 2016

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“…Among cell therapy techniques, such as bone marrow aspirate (BMA), bone marrow concentrate aspirate (BMAC), bone marrow mononuclear fraction concentrate (BMMF) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell culture, the simplest to perform is bone marrow aspirate [ 42 , 43 ], but it seems to fall short of techniques that involve some type of bone marrow processing [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A promising approach to bone regeneration was established by the identification of multipotent stem cells, such as bone marrow stromal cells. Tissue engineering studies were carried out using bone marrow-derived stem cells, using different types of extraction method: bone marrow aspirate (BMA), bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC), bone marrow mononuclear fraction (BMMF), stem cell culture of origin mesenchymal (MSCs) [ 5 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ], and stem cell culture of adipose origin (ASC) [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stem cell therapy is usually accompanied by different types of scaffolds due to its soluble nature, and hydroxyapatite-based biomaterials are the evident scaffold candidates, when bone tissue is considered. Therapy goals, however, remains to be on a level with the gold standard (autogenous bone) but with less morbidity [ 7 , 9 , 10 , 16 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Repair of Critical Size Bone Defects Using Synthetic Hydroxyapatite or Xenograft with or without the Bone Marrow Mononuclear Fraction: A Histomorphometric and Immunohistochemical Study in Rat Calvaria

et al. 2021

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Bone defects are a challenging clinical situation, and the development of hydroxyapatite-based biomaterials is a prolific research field that, in addition, can be joined by stem cells and growth factors in order to deal with the problem. This study compares the use of synthetic hydroxyapatite and xenograft, used pure or enriched with bone marrow mononuclear fraction for the regeneration of critical size bone defects in rat calvaria through histomorphometric (Masson’s staining) and immunohistochemical (anti-VEGF, anti-osteopontin) analysis. Forty young adult male rats were divided into five groups (n = 8). Animals were submitted to critical size bone defects (Ø = 8 mm) in the temporoparietal region. In the control group, there was no biomaterial placement in the critical bone defects; in group 1, it was filled with synthetic hydroxyapatite; in group 2, it was filled with xenograft; in group 3, it was filled with synthetic hydroxyapatite, enriched with bone marrow mononuclear fraction (BMMF), and in group 4 it was filled with xenograft, enriched with BMMF. After eight weeks, all groups were euthanized, and histological section images were captured and analyzed. Data analysis showed that in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 (received biomaterials and biomaterials plus BMMF), a significant enhancement in new bone matrix formation was observed in relation to the control group. However, BMMF-enriched groups did not differ from hydroxyapatite-based biomaterials-only groups. Therefore, in this experimental model, BMMF did not enhance hydroxyapatite-based biomaterials’ potential to induce bone matrix and related mediators.

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“…Histometry is widely accepted as tool used for bone regeneration quantification (30,31). The study of de Mello et al (30) evaluated by means of histometry parameters such as vital mineralized tissue (VMT), nonvital mineralized tissue (NVMT), nonmineralized tissue (NMT), and vital mineralized tissue in contact with titanium (VMTCT) for appositional bone regeneration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative assessment of bone regeneration by histometry and a histological scoring system / Evaluarea comparativă a regenerării osoase utilizând histometria și un scor de vindecare histologică

Lucaciu¹,

Gheban²,

Şoriţău³

et al. 2015

Romanian Review of Laboratory Medicine

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Xenograft Impregnated with Bone Marrow Mononuclear Fraction for Appositional Bone Regeneration in Rabbit Calvaria: A Clinical and Histomorphometric Study

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Can bone marrow aspirate concentrate change the mineralization pattern of the anterior maxilla treated with xenografts? A preliminary study

Can bone marrow aspirate concentrate change the mineralization pattern of the anterior maxilla treated with xenografts? A preliminary study

Repair of Critical Size Bone Defects Using Synthetic Hydroxyapatite or Xenograft with or without the Bone Marrow Mononuclear Fraction: A Histomorphometric and Immunohistochemical Study in Rat Calvaria

Comparative assessment of bone regeneration by histometry and a histological scoring system / Evaluarea comparativă a regenerării osoase utilizând histometria și un scor de vindecare histologică

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