Xenobiotic biotransformation in the rainbow trout liver and kidney during starvation

Andersson, Tommy; Koivusaari, Ulla; Förlin, Lars

doi:10.1016/0742-8413(85)90234-8

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…21 to 87-fold) over control levels observed here is similar to increases seen in other studies with fed rainbow trout where the highest activity levels were achieved 3 days following treatment (Andersson et al, 1985b;Zhang et al, 1990;Pretti et al, 2001). Moreover, although the basal activity of several enzyme activities including EROD, UDP-GT, ECOD, AHH and P450, are depressed during long periods of starvation, induction to levels comparable to those achieved by fed fish is possible (Andersson et al, 1985a), thereby, demonstrating the importance of this system even under extremely limited energy intake.…”

Section: R-nf Effects On Blood Parameters and Enzyme Activitiessupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In the present study, the activities of the CYP 1Al-mediated reaction, EROD, and the conjugating enzyme, GST, were maintained at constant levels all ration levels suggesting the importance of these systems under the various dietary treatments. This is further supported by the maintenance of these, and other biotransformation enzymes, including cytochrome P450, benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase (AAH), UDP-glucuronosyl transferase (UDP-GT), during periods of teleost starvation (Buhler and Rasmusson, 1968;Andersson et al, 1985a;Vigano et al, 1993). The maintenance of biotransformation enzyme activities under these conditions is expected to have adaptive significance for fish, which often undergo recurring periods of starvation, while mammals challenged with starvation demonstrate extremely variable liver cytochrome P450 dependent activities (Campbell and Hayes, 1974).…”

Section: R-nf Effects On Blood Parameters and Enzyme Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Several factors may contribute to variations in quantity of food consumption throughout different stages in the life of a fish. In temperate regions, many fish species experience periods of extremely reduced feeding, and even starvation, during the cold months of the winter (Andersson et al, 1985a;Beauchamp, 1990). Spawning migration physiology also signals many fish species to cease feeding (Wootton, 1998).…”

Section: Dietary Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of depriving teleosts of food for periods between 15 days and 12 weeks on their biotransformation enzyme abilities have produced varying results (Buhler and Rasmusson, 1968;Andersson et at., 1985a;Vigano et at., 1993;Wall and Crivello, 1999;Blom et al, 2000). After two weeks of starvation, juvenile rainbow trout biotransformation enzymes including, hepatic 7-ethoxyresorufin-0-deethylase (EROD), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase (AHH) activities were maintained while UDP glucuronyltransferase (UDP-GT), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were significantly decreased and cytochrome P450 activity was increased when compared to fish fed ad libitum (Vigano et al, 1993).…”

Section: Biotransformation Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Buhler and Rasmusson (1968) reported no change in hepatic cytochrome P450 activity of rainbow trout after 8 weeks of starvation, while Blom et al (2000) reported significantly lower EROD, GST and GR activities after just 7 weeks of starvation. These findings have lead researchers to suggest that some forms of biotransformation enzymes may be decreased by starvation while other, enzymes may maintain, or even increase activity levels (Andersson et al, 1985a;Blom et al, 2000). Moreover, Andersson et al (1 985a) reported that while activity levels of 7-ethoxycoumarin-0-deethylase (ECOD), EROD, UDP-GT and AHH were unaffected by 6…”

Section: Biotransformation Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of diet composition and ration on biotransformation enzymes and stress parameters in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

Morrow

Higgs

Kennedy

2004

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology &

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Degree:Master of ~nvironmentai ToxicologyTitle of Project:The effects of diet composition and ration on biotransformation enzymes and stress parameters in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. PARTIAL COPYRIGHT LICENCEI hereby grant to Simon Fraser University the right to lend my thesis, project or extended essay (the title of which is shown below) to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. I further agree that permission for multiple copying of this work for scholarly purposes may be granted by me or the Dean of Graduate Studies. It is understood that copying or publication of this work for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Title of ThesislProjecff Extended EssayThe effects of diet composition and ration on biotransforrnation enzymres and stress parameters in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.Michelle Dayna Morrow (name) ABSTRACTNutritional quality and quantity play significant roles in the amount of energy an animal assimilates and in the distribution of that energy. Furthermore, energy is allocated in a hierarchical fashion beginning with basal metabolism and then successively to other physiological processes depending on other energetic requirements of the animal. To date, little information exists on the effects of diet and ration on the stress response and detoxification system in fish. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure the effects of dietary composition and ration on the biotransformation and stress response systems in juvenile rainbow trout.Juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed one of three isoenergetic diets varying in protein (35 to 55%) and lipid content (8 to 18%), at full satiation or partial ration for 6 weeks in order to investigate the effects of diet on baseline stress parameters and biotransformation enzyme activity. Growth was highest in fish fed low protein, high lipid diets at both ration levels and was highest overall in fish fed to satiation. Stress indicators, including plasma lactate, glucose and cortisol concentrations were not significantly affected by dietary treatment or ration. Basal biotransformation enzyme activity, including glutathione S-transferase (GST) and ethoxyresorufin 0-deethylase (EROD) activity, were also unaffected by dietary treatment. Fish exposed to the biotransformation enzyme inducer 13-napthoflavone did not exhibit an alteration in stress indicators or GST activity; however, EROD activity was increased (87 to 210-fold) in fish receiving all diets and rations demonstrating the importance of this system even under limited energy intake.The results of the present study indicate that, unlike mammals, fish may be more recalcitrant to different levels of ingestion (above maintenance ration) of isoenergetic ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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Section: R-nf Effects On Blood Parameters and Enzyme Activitiessupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: R-nf Effects On Blood Parameters and Enzyme Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Dietary Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biotransformation Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biotransformation Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The effects of diet composition and ration on biotransformation enzymes and stress parameters in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

Morrow

Higgs

Kennedy

2004

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology &

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Subcellular fractionation of rainbow trout gonads with emphasis on microsomal enzymes involved in steroid metabolism

Andersson

1992

Cell Tissue Res

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Rainbow trout gonads were subfractionated by differential centrifugation with emphasis on obtaining preparations suitable for the study of steroid-metabolizing enzymes. A fractionation scheme was evaluated for the mature testis and for 3 ovarian developmental stages. The distribution of cell organelles among the fractions was determined using enzyme-markers and electron microscopy. The fractionation scheme was found to be suitable for separating mitochondria and microsomes which were recovered at similar yields to those that had been reported for other extraheptic fish tissues. Fractionation of the mature ovary was fraught with problems probably because a large yolk protein cytosole fraction interfered with the recovery of microsomes. However, no difference in the specific activity of microsomal NADPH-cytochrome c-reductase between the various organ preparations was evident. The testis microsomes contained detectable amounts of cytochrome P450, whereas its content in the various ovary microsomes was too low to be detected. Progesterone 17 alpha-hydroxylase was detected in microsomes from testes and early developing ovaries, and microsomal aromatase activity was present in microsomes from early developing, mature and postovulatory ovaries. Furthermore, the testis microsomes contained a highly active UDP glucuronosyltransferase with testosterone used as a substrate.

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Characterization of phase I and phase II drug metabolism and the effect of ?-naphthoflavone in the liver and posterior kidney of the channel catfish,Ictalurs punctatus

Tate

1988

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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Xenobiotic biotransformation in the rainbow trout liver and kidney during starvation

Cited by 22 publications

References 22 publications

The effects of diet composition and ration on biotransformation enzymes and stress parameters in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

The effects of diet composition and ration on biotransformation enzymes and stress parameters in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

Subcellular fractionation of rainbow trout gonads with emphasis on microsomal enzymes involved in steroid metabolism

Characterization of phase I and phase II drug metabolism and the effect of ?-naphthoflavone in the liver and posterior kidney of the channel catfish,Ictalurs punctatus

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