Xanthomatosis and Hyperlipoproteinemia

Abstract

The relation between the type of hyperlipoproteinemia and the xanthoma type found in the same patient is discussed on the basis of literature and own observations. The cholesterol level of the blood gives not enough information on disturbances in the lipoprotein metabolism, at least also triglyceride and/or total lipid estimations should be performed. Xanthomata tendinea are characteristic for an enhanced low density lipoprotein level in the blood and are often accompanied by ischemic heart disease. Eruptive xanthomata and enhanced very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels belong together. The enhanced VLDL level may be favorably influenced by a reduction diet with a low proportion of carbohydrates.

Type III hyperlipoproteinemia and spontaneous atherosclerosis in mice resulting from gene replacement of mouse Apoe with human Apoe*2.

“…Another distinguishing characteristic of patients with type III HLP is the presence of planar and dermal xanthomas (20,21). The atherogenic diet caused swelling of the carpi, paws, and periorbital area, and a dramatic deposition of lipid underneath the skin in the 2/2 mice.…”

A Case of Xanthomatosis and Hyperlipoproteinemia Type V Propably Induced by Overdosage of Insulin

“…The heredity factors, the nephropathia, the diet, and the unnecessary use of insulin, in combination with the diabetes mellitus, may all have contributed to the clinical picture. Diabetes mellitus, elevated uric acid, attacks of abdominal pains, lipemia retinalis, and xanthomatosis are all found in hyperlipoproteinemia phenotype V [2,5,8]. The localization of the xanthomata at the apex nasi and on the soles of the feet as well as the absence of the eruptive xanthomata on the nates, are very unusual [8].…”

Mixed Hypercholesterolemia and Hypertriglyceridemic Xanthomatosis: Four classic types of Xanthomas in one patient at the same time

“…The most common type of xanthoma is xanthelasma; the lesions are asymptomatic, usually bilateral and symmetrical, occurring near the inner canthus of the eyelids. In twenty-five percent of patients with xanthelasma, the plasma cholesterol is elevated especially in young patients; in patients over forty years of age there is often no underlying lipid abnormality (7) .…”