Xanthogranulomatous orchitis: Review of the published work and report of one case

Abstract

Xanthogranulomatous orchitis is an extremely rare inflammatory non-neoplastic destructive lesion of the testis. We report a 44-year-old man who presented with right scrotal swelling and two discharging sinuses. Testicular tumor markers were normal. Scrotal ultrasound showed heterogeneous testicular areas and irregular margin of the tunica. Surgical exploration revealed infected , unhealthy testicular tissue with necrosis and tumor-like lesion. Orchidectomy was done and histopathology showed xanthogranulomatous orchitis.

Branchial Cleft Cyst with Xanthogranulomatous Inflammation

“…The macroscopic appearance typically shows a yellow, granular surface with irregular contours. Infiltration into the adjacent tissues and organs is a frequent finding of this specific type of inflammation, which may be identified in many regions, such as pancreas, testis, kidney, and gallbladder [5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

An Unusual Case of Extensive Xanthogranulomatous Orchitis in a Diabetic Patient

“…Xanthogranulomatous inflammation of the testis is extremely uncommon and, to our knowledge, only 13 cases of XGO/orchiepididymitis have been reported to date [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] . All the cases share the characteristic infiltrate of foamy histiocytes, mixed inflammatory cells and occasional multinucleated giant cells, that constitute the histologic hallmarks of the disease.…”

“…Tumorous xanthogranulomatous inflammation is associated with severe tissue destruction, and thus, removal (complete or partial) of the affected organ was the definitive treatment in most reported cases [5][6][7] . In our patient, considering near total destruction of the testicular parenchyma, orchiectomy was performed with a satisfactory outcome.…”

“…Testicular involvement is a rare event, with 13 cases reported to date [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] . We present an unusual case of extensive xanthogranulomatous orchitis (XGO) and discuss the possible role of diabetes mellitus in the pathogenesis of this unusual lesion.…”

Xanthogranulomatous Prostatitis Presenting as a Prostatic Abscess: Case Report and Review of Literature

“…Xanthogranulomatous orchitis has been reported in literature [8]; with one report of orchitis following intravesical BCG for bladder cancer [9]. Xanthogranulomatous funiculitis and epididymitis have been reported to be rare [10]; one case report mentions evidence of colonies of actinomyces [11].…”