Xanthine Oxidoreductase Reference Values in Platelet-Poor Plasma and Platelets in Healthy Volunteers

Cecerska-Heryć, Elżbieta; Jesionowska, Anna; Klaudyna, Szupiluk; Katarzyna, Siewierska; Dominika, Mączka; Dominika, Pawlak; Marta, Urbańska; Dołęgowska, Barbara

doi:10.1155/2015/341926

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In this study XO activity was found to be significantly higher in both serum and erythrocyte of ACS patients compared to controls. Although one study investigated XO activity in healthy volunteers [28], no study was made in the CVD patients. Therefore, the XO activity reported in this study could not be compared with other researches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidase Enzyme Activities and Their Correlations with Antioxidative Stress Biomarkers in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome in Bangladesh

Ferdausi¹,

Anik²,

Binti³

et al. 2020

WJCD

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Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a range of conditions associated with decreased blood flow in the coronary arteries resulting from sudden rupture of atherosclerotic plaques. Several studies have found that oxidative stress is involved in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. The role of oxidase enzymes and antioxidative stress biomarkers in these processes needs further attention. In this study, a total of 120 participants were enrolled which comprised 60 ACS patients and 60 control subjects. The major oxidase enzyme, xanthine oxidase, which plays a pivotal role in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), showed significantly higher activities in both serum (158.03 ± 43.30 mU/mL) and red blood cells (RBC) lysate (309.07 ± 75.73 mU/mL) of the ACS patients compared to controls, 48.51 ± 13.41 mU/mL and 184.10 ± 70.14 mU/mL, respectively. The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and myeloperoxidase, both of which are major contributors to ROS production, showed significantly higher activities in patients (14.13 ± 3.38 U/L and 10.9 ± 3.3 U/mg) than in controls, 6.90 ± 1.94 U/L and 5.9 ± 1.5 U/mg, respectively. Ceruloplasmin, an emerging biomarker of inflammation, showed significantly higher activity in patients (83.8 ± 26.2 U/L) compared to controls, 70.0 ± 18.9 U/L. The antioxidant enzyme glutathione reductase showed significantly lower activity in patients than controls, 60.7 ± 47.8 U/mL/min and 85.2 ± 49.5 U/mL/min, respectively. Evaluation of cardioprotective biomarkers nitric oxide and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) showed significantly lower values in patients. Correlation analyses between these parameters further corroborated increased oxidative stress in patients. These findings suggest that excessive productions of ROS by the oxidase enzymes cause an imbalance between How to cite this paper: Ferdausi, N.,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidase Enzyme Activities and Their Correlations with Antioxidative Stress Biomarkers in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome in Bangladesh

Ferdausi¹,

Anik²,

Binti³

et al. 2020

WJCD

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“…Moreover, whole blood, PRP, and platelet-poor plasma [ 92 ] also contain XO, and therefore, UA may be produced during the incubation period with ROS-inducers, potentially falsifying results. Urate crystals induced oxidative burst [ 27 ] and the activation and lysis of platelets in vitro [ 93 , 94 ].…”

Section: Measurement Of Reactive Species In Leukocytes and Platelementioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and Clinical Significance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Humans

Marrocco

Altieri

Peluso

2017

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

565

500

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Oxidative stress is the result of the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants. Biomarkers of oxidative stress are relevant in the evaluation of the disease status and of the health-enhancing effects of antioxidants. We aim to discuss the major methodological bias of methods used for the evaluation of oxidative stress in humans. There is a lack of consensus concerning the validation, standardization, and reproducibility of methods for the measurement of the following: (1) ROS in leukocytes and platelets by flow cytometry, (2) markers based on ROS-induced modifications of lipids, DNA, and proteins, (3) enzymatic players of redox status, and (4) total antioxidant capacity of human body fluids. It has been suggested that the bias of each method could be overcome by using indexes of oxidative stress that include more than one marker. However, the choice of the markers considered in the global index should be dictated by the aim of the study and its design, as well as by the clinical relevance in the selected subjects. In conclusion, the clinical significance of biomarkers of oxidative stress in humans must come from a critical analysis of the markers that should give an overall index of redox status in particular conditions.

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“…The results were impressive. The healthy volunteers showed highest activity of the XO isoform (prooxidant) and low activity of the XD isoform (antioxidant), which indicates slight oxidative stress among the patients that were tested, con rming the physiological effects of XOR [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…They demonstrated an effect of hemodialysis on the activity of XOR and its isoforms in PPP and in platelets. Besides, they showed a decrease in oxidative stress after hemodialysis, as evidenced by a decrease in XO activity and an increase in XD activity in PPP plasma [ 26 ]. This study also confirms the results obtained by other scientists [ 3 , 23 – 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xanthine oxidoreductase activity in platelet-poor and rich plasma as a oxidative stress indicator in patients required renal replacement therapy

et al. 2022

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Background Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is a hydroxylase enzyme involved in the metabolism of purines. XOR activity can vary: the homodimer protein can be converted into two different isoforms XD (antioxidant) and XO (prooxidant). Oxidative stress and inflammation that accompanying chronic kidney disease (CKD), dialysis, and kidney transplantation, resulted in platelet activation. Present study aimed to determine the influence of applied renal replacement therapy on xanthine oxidoreductase and its isoforms activity. Materials and Methods The study group consisted of 117 patients, divided into 4 groups: hemodialysis - 30 patients, peritoneal dialysis - 30 patients, kidney transplant patients - 27 and conservative treatment - 30 patients. The control group consisted of 30 healthy volunteers. Results Significant differences were found in XOR activity in platelet-poor plasma (PPP) within the groups studied (p = 0.001). There was a relationship between the type of renal replacement therapy of all oxidoreductase isoforms in PPP (p < 0.001 all isoforms) and XD (p = 0.008), XO (p < 0.001) in platelet rich-plasma (PRP). A relationship was observed between the activity of all oxidoreductase isoforms in PPP and PRP, and the type of renal replacement therapy and the duration of dialysis and the age of patients. The cause of chronic kidney disease was also reflected differences in XD and XO activity in PPP. Conclusions The type of renal replacement therapy used in CKD patients, age of patients, duration of dialysis, CKD causes, and stage of progression significantly affect the activity of XOR and its isoforms.

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Xanthine Oxidoreductase Reference Values in Platelet-Poor Plasma and Platelets in Healthy Volunteers

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Oxidase Enzyme Activities and Their Correlations with Antioxidative Stress Biomarkers in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome in Bangladesh

Oxidase Enzyme Activities and Their Correlations with Antioxidative Stress Biomarkers in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome in Bangladesh

Measurement and Clinical Significance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Humans

Xanthine oxidoreductase activity in platelet-poor and rich plasma as a oxidative stress indicator in patients required renal replacement therapy

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