Surface phenomena and the structure of polymers affect essentially their tribological characteristics, the adhesion of polymers to solids being one of the dominating factors. The latter is explained, in particular, by the adsorption (chemisorption) of the functional groups, variations in the polymer crystallinity and morphology, constrained molecular mobility, and catalytic effects of the additives on the reactions occurring in the contact zone. It is shown how load, sliding velocity, and temperature affect friction. Different modes of wear of polymers and friction transfer are considered.