X-ray vector radiography for bone micro-architecture diagnostics

Potdevin, Guillaume; Malecki, Andreas; Biernath, Thomas; Bech, Martin; Jensen, Teis; Feidenhans’l, R.; Zanette, Irène; Weitkamp, Timm; Kenntner, J.; Mohr, Jürgen; Roschger, Paul; Kerschnitzki, Michael; Wagermaier, Wolfgang; Klaushofer, Klaus; Fratzl, Peter; Pfeiffer, Franz

doi:10.1088/0031-9155/57/11/3451

Cited by 69 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…These techniques have evolved in different ways: X-ray tensor tomography has evolved from X-ray parallel perpendicular 50 mm 50 mm dark-field imaging using a grating interferometer [164], where ultra-small X-ray scattering is exploited [165]. The intensity modulations due to the rotation of the third grating [166,167] or of the sample [168,169] reveal the 2D orientation of the ultrastructure, and have been used to retrieve 2D ultrastructure organization of bone [170] or dentin [166]. By rotating the sample around two axes, and using an iterative reconstruction algorithm, it is possible to retrieve the 3D ultrastructure orientation [161].…”

Section: X-ray Scattering/diffraction Tensor Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Techniques to assess bone ultrastructure organization: orientation and arrangement of mineralized collagen fibrils

Georgiadis

Müller

Schneider

2016

J. R. Soc. Interface.

113

100

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Bone's remarkable mechanical properties are a result of its hierarchical structure. The mineralized collagen fibrils, made up of collagen fibrils and crystal platelets, are bone's building blocks at an ultrastructural level. The organization of bone's ultrastructure with respect to the orientation and arrangement of mineralized collagen fibrils has been the matter of numerous studies based on a variety of imaging techniques in the past decades. These techniques either exploit physical principles, such as polarization, diffraction or scattering to examine bone ultrastructure orientation and arrangement, or directly image the fibrils at the sub-micrometre scale. They make use of diverse probes such as visible light, X-rays and electrons at different scales, from centimetres down to nanometres. They allow imaging of bone sections or surfaces in two dimensions or investigating bone tissue truly in three dimensions, in vivo or ex vivo, and sometimes in combination with in situ mechanical experiments. The purpose of this review is to summarize and discuss this broad range of imaging techniques and the different modalities of their use, in order to discuss their advantages and limitations for the assessment of bone ultrastructure organization with respect to the orientation and arrangement of mineralized collagen fibrils.

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Section: X-ray Scattering/diffraction Tensor Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Techniques to assess bone ultrastructure organization: orientation and arrangement of mineralized collagen fibrils

Georgiadis

Müller

Schneider

2016

J. R. Soc. Interface.

113

100

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“…for nonisotropically aligned fibrous collocations such as fiber-reinforced composites or naturally structured material like bone or wood, the scattering image depends on the orientation of the fibers with respect to the Talbot gratings [11,12]. Directional information on samples with ordered micro-structures can therefore be exploited using DFC imaging [13,14]. Yet, no attempts have been made so far to reconstruct such data to a 3D volume.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Projection angle dependence in grating-based X-ray dark-field imaging of ordered structures

Bayer¹,

Zabler²,

Brendel³

et al. 2013

Opt. Express

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Abstract:Over the recent years X-ray differential phase-contrast imaging was developed for the hard X-ray regime as produced from laboratory X-ray sources. The technique uses a grating-based Talbot-Lau interferometer and was shown to yield image contrast gain, which makes it very interesting to the fields of medical imaging and non-destructive testing, respectively. In addition to X-ray attenuation contrast, the differential phase-contrast and dark-field images provide different structural information about a specimen. For the dark-field even at length scales much smaller than the spatial resolution of the imaging system. Physical interpretation of the dark-field information as present in radiographic and tomographic (CT) images requires a detailed look onto the geometric orientation between specimen and the setup. During phase-stepping the drop in intensity modulation, due to local scattering effects within the specimen is reproduced in the dark-field signal. This signal shows strong dependencies on micro-porosity and micro-fibers if these are numerous enough in the object. Since a gratinginterferometer using a common unidirectional line grating is sensitive to X-ray scattering in one plane only, the dark-field image is influenced by the fiber orientations with respect to the grating bars, which can be exploited to obtain anisotropic structural information. With this contribution, we attempt to extend existing models for 2D projections to 3D data by analyzing dark-field contrast tomography of anisotropically structured materials such as carbon fiber reinforced carbon (CFRC).

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“…This signal reveals structural information on the nanometer to hundreds-of-micrometers scale that is inaccessible from both the absorption and the phase-contrast image (28,29). Biomedical applications of dark-field contrast include bone imaging (30,31), calcifications in breast imaging (32), and tooth imaging (33).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emphysema diagnosis using X-ray dark-field imaging at a laser-driven compact synchrotron light source

Schleede

Meinel²,

Bech

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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174

128

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In early stages of various pulmonary diseases, such as emphysema and fibrosis, the change in X-ray attenuation is not detectable with absorption-based radiography. To monitor the morphological changes that the alveoli network undergoes in the progression of these diseases, we propose using the dark-field signal, which is related to small-angle scattering in the sample. Combined with the absorption-based image, the dark-field signal enables better discrimination between healthy and emphysematous lung tissue in a mouse model. All measurements have been performed at 36 keV using a monochromatic laser-driven miniature synchrotron X-ray source (Compact Light Source). In this paper we present grating-based dark-field images of emphysematous vs. healthy lung tissue, where the strong dependence of the dark-field signal on mean alveolar size leads to improved diagnosis of emphysema in lung radiographs.

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X-ray vector radiography for bone micro-architecture diagnostics

Cited by 69 publications

References 29 publications

Techniques to assess bone ultrastructure organization: orientation and arrangement of mineralized collagen fibrils

Techniques to assess bone ultrastructure organization: orientation and arrangement of mineralized collagen fibrils

Projection angle dependence in grating-based X-ray dark-field imaging of ordered structures

Emphysema diagnosis using X-ray dark-field imaging at a laser-driven compact synchrotron light source

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