X‐ray Studies of Ferroelectric Cathodes

Abstract

Ferroelectric electron emission has two possible sources: rapid polarization switching and surface plasma discharge. The present paper uses an X-ray diffraction (XRD) method to support the theory of rapid polarization switching for lead zirconate titanate samples. A decrease in the 002 peak value and an increase in the 200 peak value were observed after electron emission in two types of samples, which were doped with lanthanum and neodymium. A comparison of the XRD data for the samples showed that a high-density electron emission was related to a high-value polarization switch. These results were consistent with the theory of rapid polarization switching.

X-Ray Diffraction & Residual Stresses in Ferroelectric Cathodes

“…Shuren Zhang et al [4] reported the change in intensities of 002 and 200 peaks due to domain switching. The XRD intensity ratio I(002)/I(200) represents the ratio of volume of c-domains to that of a-domains on the PZT surface.…”

Ferroelectric 90° Domain Evaluation in Tetragonal Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 Ceramics

“…The difference between and the formula ( N =( R − R ′)/ R (1+ R ′)), which has been used previously to evaluate the degree of 90° domain reorientation of PZT system, 1,5,10 is that the | F 200 | 2 /| F 002 | 2 term is neglected in the latter formula.…”

“…Therefore, this topic has been investigated by many researchers. Most attention so far has, however, been paid to the PZT (or PLZT) system, 1–5 and as such there are few published papers concerning the Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –PbTiO 3 (PMN–PT system) 6,7 …”

“…Other researchers 1,5,10 have proposed a formula to evaluate the degree of 90° domain reorientation. However, in each case the difference of structure factors between (200) and (002) planes was neglected in the formula used.…”

“…Therefore, this topic has been investigated by many researchers. Most attention so far has, however, been paid to the PZT (or PLZT) system, [1][2][3][4][5] and as such there are few published papers concerning the Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -PbTiO 3 (PMN-PT system). 6,7 Abnormally large dielectric and piezoelectric properties in PMN-PT ceramics and single crystals near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) have attracted extensive attention in recent years.…”