X-ray shadows in growing bones produced by lead; Their characteristics, cause, anatomical counterpart in the bone and differentiation

Park, E.A.; Jackson, Dudley P.; Goodwin, T. Campbell; Kajdi, Laslo

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(33)80110-7

Cited by 27 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Radiopaque bands in the bones of children with lead poisoning were first described in 1929 [24], and they were produced experimentally in dogs in 193 1 by CAFFEY [7]. Experimental poisoning with lead given orally to three 6-to 9-week-old dogs caused radiodense changes in bones with 10 days; the lesions became more extensive at later dates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Pathologic Anatomy of Lead Poisoning in Dogs

Zook

1972

Vet Pathol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Absrract. Thirty-two dogs diagnosed as having lead poisoning were studied postmortem. Enlarged, pale staining nuclei of renal proximal tubular cells and hepatocytes were present in all affected dogs and frequently contained acid-fast inclusions. Bone changes consisting of persistent, thick cartilaginous trabeculae rimmed with bone caused radiopaque bands in the metaphyses of eight immature dogs. Brain lesions were characterized by vascular damage. Distended arterioles and capillaries were lined with swollen or necrotic endothelium and were often surrounded by hemorrhage and edema. These changes were associated with laminar necrosis in the cerebral cortex. Proliferation of new capillaries and gliosis occurred in dogs with chronic encephalopathies. Other changes included hyperplasia of bone marrow, metarubricytes in blood vessels, necrosis of occasional striated muscle fibers, decreased numbers of sperm and ovarian follicles, and peripheral neuropathy.Accidental lead poisoning in man has been known for at least 2,000 years. It is probable that domesticated animals suffered similarly for as many years because man shared numerous sources of lead with his animals. Knowledge of the extent and serious nature of lead poisoning in man and especially in domesticated and wild animals has only recently been acquired and is largely incomplete. With more research and diffusion of information, we should more readily recognize, and perhaps one day forestall this age-old, but preventable, disease.This report of pathologic changes in 32 dogs with lead intoxication is the sixth in a series of reports from a study of 236 dogs accidentally poisoned with lead. Other reports dealt with occurrence and source of exposure to lead [37] [5,11, 311; excessively red bone marrow [l, 131; hard, thickened, brittle bones [13]; and 'lead' lines in long bones [7]. In addition, congestion of the brain was reported by many authors.Microscopic lesions were most often reported in the kidneys, liver, and brain. Nephrosis [l, 11, 13, 21-23, 311, nephritis [15, 20, 23, 261, and eosinophilic inclusion bodies in renal and sometimes hepatic nuclei [13,15,22, 311 were common. Hepatic lesions described consisted of foci or zones of degenerative changes or necrosis [ 1 1, 15, 21, 22, 31, 331. In addition, periportal fibroplasia occurred in several dogs [l, 311. Neural lesions reported were degenerative changes of Purkinje cells [I 1, 22, 311, small hemorrhages [ll, 19, 311, edema [22], gliosis [9,18,19, 221, swelling of capillary endothelia [ 15, 191, proliferation of capillaries [6, 191, perivascular Materials and MethodsThe necropsy files (1959)(1960)(1961)(1962)(1963)(1964)(1965)(1966)(1967)(1968)(1969) of the Angel1 Memorial Animal Hospital were searched for case records of dogs in which the clinical diagnoses, hematologic data or lesions were consistent with lead intoxication. Final diagnoses of lead poisoning were established in 32 dogs by a combination of typical clinical and laboratory findings. Blood smears in all dogs examined (26) had excess ...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Excessive dietary vitamin D, chronic phosphorus poisoning and bismuth poisoning may cause radiographic and grossly visible metaphyseal lesions similar to those in lead poisoning. Lesions caused by vitamin D and phosphorus toxicosis can reportedly be differentiated microscopically from those of lead poisoning [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pathologic Anatomy of Lead Poisoning in Dogs

Zook

1972

Vet Pathol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These transverse lines, also called Harris' lines, had been known as arrested growth lines (Harris 1926(Harris , 1931. Later, Richter (1953) andPark (1964) demonstrated that these lines appear during periods of regeneration or increased growth following growth suppression. The lines have been used as an indicator of a discontinuity between growth interruption and recovered growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scanning Electron Microscopic Observation of Transverse (Harris) Lines in the Femur and Tibia of Anatomy Cadavers.

Inokuchi

Egawa

Takiguchi

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…[12] Lead, a constituent of this chalk can be localized in areas of bone mineralization and growth. [13] Accumulation of lead in skeletal tissues begins during fetal development and continues throughout adulthood. [1415] It has been reported that lead adversely influences bone development through disruption of mineralization during growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of calabash chalk effect on femur bone morphometry and mineralization in young wistar rats: A pilot study

Ekong

Ekanem

Sunday

et al. 2012

Int J App Basic Med Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:Calabash chalk, a popularly consumed geophagic material in Nigeria has been reported to contain lead, arsenic, alpha lindane, endrin, and endosulfan 11 among other pollutants.Aim:The continuous exposure of young children to this chalk necessitated this study on the bone morphometry and mineralization in young Wistar rats.Materials and Methods:Fourteen young (weanling) Wistar rats of both sexes weighing 54-72 g were assigned into two groups of seven animals each. Group I served as control, while group II was the test group (TG). 40 mg/ml of C. chalk was administered as suspension to the test animals in group II. Animals in the control group were orally treated with 1ml of distilled water. Administration of the C. chalk in the animals lasted for 28 days, and the animals were sacrificed on day 29, using chloroform anaesthesia. The femur bones were dissected out, cleaned of flesh and sun-dried. The lengths and weights of the femur bones were measured using graphite furnace atomic mass spectrophotometer.Results:Results showed 1.6% decrease in body weight change in the TG, insignificant decreases in the weights and lengths of both the right and left femur bones, and significant decreased (P < 0.0126) organ-somatic index, and femur bones concentrations (mg/l) of zinc, phosphate, carbonate, calcium, sodium, and potassium (P < 0.05).Conclusion:In conclusion, this study showed that C. chalk may alter growth rate, and cause de-mineralization in the femur bone, hence, it may be detrimental to bone growth.

show abstract

X-ray shadows in growing bones produced by lead; Their characteristics, cause, anatomical counterpart in the bone and differentiation

Cited by 27 publications

References 6 publications

The Pathologic Anatomy of Lead Poisoning in Dogs

The Pathologic Anatomy of Lead Poisoning in Dogs

Scanning Electron Microscopic Observation of Transverse (Harris) Lines in the Femur and Tibia of Anatomy Cadavers.

Evaluation of calabash chalk effect on femur bone morphometry and mineralization in young wistar rats: A pilot study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About