X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of vanadium germanate glass

Local structure and redox state of copper in tellurite glasses

“…Core level photoelectron spectra were collected on a VG scientific ESCALAB MKII spectrometer equipped with a dual aluminum-magnesium anode X-ray gun and a 150-mm concentric hemispherical analyzer using Al Ka (hm ¼ 1486:6 eV) radiation from an anode operated at 130 W [24]. Photoelectron spectra of Te 3d, Cu 2p, and O 1s core levels were recorded using a computer-controlled data collection system with the electron analyzer set at a pass-energy of 20 eV for the high-resolution scans.…”

“…A non-linear, least-squares algorithm [24] was employed to determine the best fit to each of the O 1s and Cu 2p 3=2 spectra with two Gaussian-Lorentzian curves in order to represent bridging and non-bridging oxygen and two possible copper oxidation states (Cu 2þ and Cu þ ), respectively. The fraction of non-bridging oxygen and Cu 2þ were determined from the respective area ratios from these fits.…”

Structure and magnetic properties of lead vanadate glasses

“…Photoelectron spectra from Pb 4f, V 2p, O 1s, and C 1s core levels were recorded using a computer-controlled data collection system described elsewhere [15]. X-ray photoemission measurements were performed using non-monochromatic Al K a (1486.6 eV) radiation from an anode operating at 130 W. The energy scale of the spectrometer was calibrated with the Cu 2p 3=2 (¼ 932.67 eV), Cu 3p 3=2 (¼ 74.9 eV), and Au 4f 7=2 (¼ 83.98 eV) photoelectron lines.…”

“…A non-linear, least-squares algorithm [15] determine the best fit to each of the Pb 4f, O 1s, and V 2p spectra with either a single GaussianLorentzien curve or two Gaussian-Lorentzien curves representing two different coordination geometries for lead, bridging and non-bridging oxygen, and two possible vanadium oxidation states (V 5þ and V 4þ ), respectively. The fraction of nonbridging oxygen and V 4þ were determined from the respective area ratios from these fits.…”

XPS investigation of the electronic environment in selected heterogenized zirconocene catalysts

“…Details of this spectrometer are described elsewhere. 14 The spectrometer energy was calibrated by fixing the Cu 2p 3/2 and Au 4f 7/2 peaks at binding energies of 932.67 and 83.98 eV, respectively. 15 The powdered catalyst samples were first embedded in an indium foil placed in a metal sample-holder.…”