X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies of the chemical structure of polyaniline

Tan, K. L.; Tan, B. T. G.; Kang, En‐Tang; Neoh, K. G.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.39.8070

Cited by 243 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In trichloroacetic acid, only one cycle of the redoping process was performed. These values are very close to the ones obtained experimentally and those based on the molecular formula (C 24 H 20 N 4 A 2 , scheme 1(b)) for 50% intrinsically oxidized EB film after doping the imine sites [20,[32][33][34][35]. Redoping with trichloroacetic acid gives a value of w equal to 33.9 wt.%, which is small in comparison with the value based on the previous formula (45.7 wt.%) but very close to the value of 33 wt.% obtained by Wei and Hsueh [32] by thermal analysis when EB was doped with 0.5 M trichloroacetic acid.…”

Section: Doping Of Pani With Strong Acidssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…For the molecular formula of 50% intrinsically oxidized EB film after doping the imine sites with acetic acid to be C 24 H 20 N 4 (Ac) 2 [34], w must be 24.9 wt.%. In the present work, doping EB film with 0.1 M acetic acid gives a value of w of 11.63%, however doping with 0.5 and 1 M acetic acid gives w= 36.6 and 44.5%, respectively.…”

Section: Doping Of Pani In Acetic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quartz crystal microbalance and spectroscopy measurements for acid doping in polyaniline films

Ayad

Zaki

2008

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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We investigated the doping of thin polyaniline (PANI) films, prepared by the chemical oxidation of aniline, with different acids. The initial step in the investigation is the preparation of PANI films from aqueous hydrochloric acid solution. This is followed by dedoping with ammonia to obtain a PANI base, which is subsequently doped with strong acids (e.g. hydrochloric, sulfuric, phosphoric and trichloroacetic acids) and with a weak acid (acetic acid). The dopant weight fraction (w), which is connected with the gain of mass during the doping of PANI, was determined in situ using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The behavior of PANI upon doping with different anions derived from strong acids indicates that both proton and the anion uptake into the polymer chains occur sharply, rapidly, completely, and reversibly. However the uptake in the case in acetic acid is characterized by slow diffusion. The doping was studied at different concentrations of acetic acid. A second cycle of dedoping-redoping was also performed. The kinetics of the doping reaction is dominated by Fickian diffusion kinetics. The diffusion coefficients (D) of the dopant ions into the PANI chains were determined using the QCM and by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy in the range of (0.076-1.64) × 10 −15 cm 2 s −1 . It was found that D in the second cycle of doping is larger than that evaluated from the first cycle of doping for high concentrations of acetic acid. D for the diffusion and for the dopant ion expulsion from the PANI chains was also determined during the redoping process. It was found that D for acetic acid ions in the doping process is larger than that calculated for the dedoping process.

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Section: Doping Of Pani With Strong Acidssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Doping Of Pani In Acetic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quartz crystal microbalance and spectroscopy measurements for acid doping in polyaniline films

Ayad

Zaki

2008

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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“…In the N 1 s spectrum of poly-N-phenylanthranilic acid there is no band near 399.0 eV, which corresponds to the energy of C=N bond. The band observed near 400.5 eV refers to the energy of С-N bond [5,[18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Chemical Structure Of Poly-n-phenylanthranilic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Polymerization of N-Phenylanthranilic Acid in the Heterophase System

Ozkan¹,

Eremeev²,

Карпачева³

et al. 2013

OJPChem

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Polymers of N-phenylanthranilic acid were obtained by oxidative polymerization in the heterophase system in the presence of chloroform. Effect of synthesis conditions on the chemical structure of the polymers was studied. It was found that the growth of polymeric chain occurs via C-C joining into 2-and 4-positions of phenyl rings with respect to nitrogen. Thermal stability of poly-N-phenylanthranilic acid was studied.

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“…12 To make the measured binding energies comparable with earlier data, [13][14][15] all core-level spectra were referenced to the C1s neutral carbon peak set at 284.6 eV as in the earlier work. 13,15 The N1s and Cl2p signals were decomposed into individual components by a least-squares fitting procedure using, respectively, a Gaussian line shape and a natural Cl2p line profile as observed in poly(chloroprene). In fitting the N1s line, the positions of the components due to the amine and imine nitrogens were kept fixed at their positions found in EB.…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The XPS spectra of EB are typical of incompletely deprotonated polyemeraldine hydrochloride. 13 The N1s core-level of EB [ Fig. 1(a)] comprises two major spectral features, at 399.3 and 398.1 eV, due to the amine (-NH-), and imine (|N-) nitrogen atoms, respectively.…”

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confidence: 99%

Conductive polyaniline-polychloroprene blends

Pinho

Gorelova

Dezzoti

et al. 1998

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The electrical conductivity of polychloroprene (CR)/polyaniline (Pani) blends prepared by bulk and solution processes were investigated. Pani doped with HCl (Pani ⅐ HCl) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (Pani ⅐ TSA) were employed in vulcanized blends obtained by the bulk process. These blends showed an increase in the conductivity only for blend composition of CR/Pani ϭ 50:50 wt %. At this composition, blends with Pani ⅐ HCl and Pani ⅐ pTSA presented conductivity values of 10 Ϫ9 and 10 Ϫ10 S ⅐ cm Ϫ1 , respectively. CR/Pani ⅐ HCl blend films prepared by the solution process displayed surface conductivity values of 10 Ϫ4 S ⅐ cm Ϫ1 with as low as 10 -15 wt % of PAni ⅐ HCl. Surface analysis of these blends by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated no traces of the conductive additive. The surface composition was found to be exclusively constituted of CR.

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X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies of the chemical structure of polyaniline

Cited by 243 publications

References 19 publications

Quartz crystal microbalance and spectroscopy measurements for acid doping in polyaniline films

Quartz crystal microbalance and spectroscopy measurements for acid doping in polyaniline films

Oxidative Polymerization of N-Phenylanthranilic Acid in the Heterophase System

Conductive polyaniline-polychloroprene blends

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