X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry characterization of aging effects on the mineral fibers treated with aminopropylsilane and quaternary ammonium compounds

Zafar, Ashar; Schjødt-Thomsen, Jan; Sodhi, Rana N.S.; Goacher, Robyn E.; Kubber, D. de

doi:10.1002/sia.4825

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…One of the critical issues in using APS in industrial applications is the degradation of the layer properties under high humidity and temperature. Therefore, the stability of APS layers has been well-studied, ,,,− and hydrolysis of Si–O–Si bonds is accepted as one of the main mechanisms for APS layer decomposition. In this work, we formed APS layers by deposition from aqueous and organic solutions on surfaces of model silica, mineral fiber melt wafers, and mineral fibers that more closely reflect the processes used in industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolytic Stability of 3-Aminopropylsilane Coupling Agent on Silica and Silicate Surfaces at Elevated Temperatures

Okhrimenko

Budi

Ceccato

et al. 2017

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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3-Aminopropylsilane (APS) coupling agent is widely used in industrial, biomaterial, and medical applications to improve adhesion of polymers to inorganic materials. However, during exposure to elevated humidity and temperature, the deposited APS layers can decompose, leading to reduction in coupling efficiency, thus decreasing the product quality and the mechanical strength of the polymer-inorganic material interface. Therefore, a better understanding of the chemical state and stability of APS on inorganic surfaces is needed. In this work, we investigated APS adhesion on silica wafers and compared its properties with those on complex silicate surfaces such as those used by industry (mineral fibers and fiber melt wafers). The APS was deposited from aqueous and organic (toluene) solutions and studied with surface sensitive techniques, including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), streaming potential, contact angle, and spectroscopic ellipsometry. APS configuration on a model silica surface at a range of coverages was simulated using density functional theory (DFT). We also studied the stability of adsorbed APS during aging at high humidity and elevated temperature. Our results demonstrated that APS layer formation depends on the choice of solvent and substrate used for deposition. On silica surfaces in toluene, APS formed unstable multilayers, while from aqueous solutions, thinner and more stable APS layers were produced. The chemical composition and substrate roughness influence the amount of deposited APS. More APS was deposited and its layers were more stable on fiber melt than on silica wafers. The changes in the amount of adsorbed APS can be successfully monitored by streaming potential. These results will aid in improving industrial- and laboratory-scale APS deposition methods and increasing adhesion and stability, thus increasing the quality and effectiveness of materials where APS is used as a coupling agent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolytic Stability of 3-Aminopropylsilane Coupling Agent on Silica and Silicate Surfaces at Elevated Temperatures

Okhrimenko

Budi

Ceccato

et al. 2017

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…If detachment of PUF was caused by decomposition of bonds only between PUF and APS, which M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 23 would leave APS molecules on fiber surfaces, the IEP would shift to high pH because of APS basic amino groups. Previously, it was shown that APS coupling agent layers are not stable under the ageing conditions used in this study 12,13 . Figure 8.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…In the case of mineral wool production, 3-aminopropylsilane (APS) coupling agent is used to enhance PUF adhesion to the mineral fiber surfaces 2 . APS reacts with mineral wool 12,13 or glass fiber [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] surface through silanol groups, -Si(OH) 3 , and with the polymer matrix 22 through its amino group -NH 2. This allows binding of mineral fibers together ( Figure 1) and creates the necessary mechanical properties for the mineral wool product, when the PUF binder is cured 2 . However, reactions between the silanol group of APS and polymer matrix have also been described [23][24][25] .…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of curing time on ageing and degradation of phenol-urea-formaldehyde binder

Okhrimenko

Thomsen

Ceccato

et al. 2018

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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“…A comparison of the N 1s spectra of wheat straw with those of N 2 -300–N 2 -800 biochars clearly indicates a change in nitrogen compounds during pyrolysis. Nitrogen in wheat straw exists mainly in four forms: alkaloid-N with a binding energy of 398.6 eV, free amino acid-N with a binding energy of 399.2 eV, − protein-N with a binding energy of 399.7 eV, and NH 4 + -N with a binding energy of 401.3 ± 0.4 eV . Protein-N is the dominant species (highest content; 39240 mg/kg).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformation and Transport Mechanism of Nitrogenous Compounds in a Biochar “Preparation–Returning to the Field” Process Studied by Employing an Isotope Tracer Method

Liu

Tan

2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Due to biochar’s excellent physical and chemical properties, such as rich void ration and large specific surface area, it could improve soil by conserving water and fertilizer and providing breeding grounds for soil microorganisms. Therefore, it has been attracting researchers’ interests for its potential as a soil amendment. In this work, elemental analysis-stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EA-IRMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were conjointly employed to investigate the migration and transformation mechanism of biochar nitrogenous compounds in the “preparation–returning” process. EA-IRMS data indicated that during the preparation process the nitrogen retention rate in biochar first dropped sharply (300–400 °C), then became stable (400–500 °C), and finally decreased slowly (500–800 °C) with increasing pyrolysis temperature. After returning biochar to soil, the measurable total nitrogen in biochar that migrated to soil and plants displayed a nitrogen mass distribution rate in the order of biochar after returning (88.40–90.42%) > soil (8.81–10.07%) > plants (0.77–1.53%). In addition, the pyrolysis temperature was negatively related to the nitrogen mass distribution rate in biochar, soil, and wheat. On the other hand, the pyrolysis atmosphere had little effect on the nitrogen retention rate in biochar before returning and the nitrogen mass distribution rate in biochar after returning to the field. XPS results suggested that alkaloid-N, free amino acid-N, protein-N, and NH4 +-N in wheat straw were gradually transformed into pyridine-N, amino-N, pyrrole-N, quaternary-N, NH4 +-N, NO2 –-N, and NO3 –-N in biochar during the biomass pyrolysis process. Biochar produced at 300 °C was in a transition stage that included all nitrogenous compounds present in wheat straw as well as biochar produced at the lower temperatures (≤500 °C). At higher temperatures, inorganic nitrogen species were more abundant and displayed higher contents. For pyrolysis temperatures ≤500 °C, biochars prepared under both N2 and CO2 atmospheres comprised similar nitrogenous compounds and contents. Moreover, the changes in nitrogenous compounds and nitrogen release patterns during the process of returning biochar to the field were not significantly different.

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X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry characterization of aging effects on the mineral fibers treated with aminopropylsilane and quaternary ammonium compounds

Cited by 22 publications

References 18 publications

Hydrolytic Stability of 3-Aminopropylsilane Coupling Agent on Silica and Silicate Surfaces at Elevated Temperatures

Hydrolytic Stability of 3-Aminopropylsilane Coupling Agent on Silica and Silicate Surfaces at Elevated Temperatures

Impact of curing time on ageing and degradation of phenol-urea-formaldehyde binder

Transformation and Transport Mechanism of Nitrogenous Compounds in a Biochar “Preparation–Returning to the Field” Process Studied by Employing an Isotope Tracer Method

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