X-ray microscopy in the carbon window region

Artyukov, I. A.; Виноградов, А. В.; Kas'yanov, Yu. S.; Savel’ev, S. V.

doi:10.1070/qe2004v034n08abeh002723

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Soft X-ray imaging in this spectral region creates a unique opportunity to study thick objects consisting of carbon containing materials with application of standard histological methods of the sample preparation 14 . The image contrast observed in the "carbon window" is very sensitive to chemical composition of the parts of studied microstructure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graded multilayer mirrors for the carbon window Schwarzschild objective

et al. 2008

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The paper deals with the recent progress in fabrication of the graded multilayer mirrors to be used in a 21X Schwarzschild objective operating at the wavelengths about 4.5 nm ("carbon window" region). The graded Co/C reflective multilayer coatings were fabricated using DC-magnetron sputtering. Mask-assisted deposition was used to create the required radial variation of the multilayer period. Accuracy of the multilayer's parameter measurements and quality of nm-scale layer deposition were improved significantly with application of a number of new methods and approaches. The soft X-ray measurements were conducted at the ALS 6.3.2 beamline to quantify the graded periods on concave and convex mirrors of the Schwarzschild objective. They demonstrated that the reflectivity curves were adjusted with the accuracy of about 0.008 nm (0.3%) over the entire mirror surfaces. The total throughput of the objective with full working aperture (N A ~ 0.2) is estimated to be as high as 0.25%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graded multilayer mirrors for the carbon window Schwarzschild objective

et al. 2008

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“…So the Cherenkov radiation for X-ray (XCR) is possible too. This radiation is considered as an effective method of obtaining radiation in the ultrasoft X-ray range [8][9][10], including in the region of the "water window" (E = 280 ÷ 543 eV) [8,9] and "carbon window" (E = 248 ÷ 282 eV), which are relevant in biological research [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of soft X-ray Cherenkov radiation in Al

Uglov

Vukolov

Kaplin

et al. 2017

EPL

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A: Currently, most of the Cherenkov phenomenon researches for the X-ray region are theoretical studies; there are only a few experiments in this area. Here the new experimental results on observation of X-ray Cherenkov radiation generated by 5.7 MeV electrons in the thin Be and Si foils are presented. The Cherenkov effect from Be was observed for the first time. The experimental results are compared with the calculations performed according to the theoretical model of transition radiation taking into account the oxide layer on the target output surface. K: Cherenkov and transition radiation; X-ray generators and sources; Interaction of radiation with matter.

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“…On the other hand, there are a lot of mostly carbon-containing materials that are transparent enough to be studied by the methods of transmission SXM at the wavelengths of low absorption of the carbon -so called, "carbon window" (Artyukov et al, 2004). Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft X-ray imaging of thick carbon-based materials using the normal incidence multilayer optics

Artyukov¹,

Feschenko²,

Виноградов³

et al. 2010

Micron

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The high transparency of carbon-containing materials in the spectral region of "carbon window" (lambda approximately 4.5-5nm) introduces new opportunities for various soft X-ray microscopy applications. The development of efficient multilayer coated X-ray optics operating at the wavelengths of about 4.5nm has stimulated a series of our imaging experiments to study thick biological and synthetic objects. Our experimental set-up consisted of a laser plasma X-ray source generated with the 2nd harmonics of Nd-glass laser, scandium-based thin-film filters, Co/C multilayer mirror and X-ray film UF-4. All soft X-ray images were produced with a single nanosecond exposure and demonstrated appropriate absorption contrast and detector-limited spatial resolution. A special attention was paid to the 3D imaging of thick low-density foam materials to be used in design of laser fusion targets.

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X-ray microscopy in the carbon window region

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Graded multilayer mirrors for the carbon window Schwarzschild objective

Graded multilayer mirrors for the carbon window Schwarzschild objective

Observation of soft X-ray Cherenkov radiation in Al

Soft X-ray imaging of thick carbon-based materials using the normal incidence multilayer optics

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