X-ray enhancement in a nanohole target irradiated by intense ultrashort laser pulses

Chakravarty, U.; Arora, V.; Chakera, J. A.; Naik, P. A.; Srivastava, Himanshu; Tiwari, Pragya; Srivastava, Arvind K.; Gupta, Pooja

doi:10.1063/1.3554407

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This is because the laser electric field inside the nanostructure determines the absorption and ionization processes, and hence governs the hot electron generation and the x-ray emission. 15,[17][18][19]22,23 The electric field enhancement leads to the increase of effective intensity of the laser pulse interacting with the nanotubes and hence leads to enhancement of the hot electron temperature. 15,24 It is quite valid to assume that, for an ultra-short pulse of 45 fs duration, the hydrodynamic motion is almost frozen and the nanotubes geometry is intact during its interaction with the laser.…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is in contrast to the case of solid clusters and nanorods (a 0 ¼ 0), where the field enhancement occurs only in the vicinity of 3n c , and 2n c , respectively. [17][18][19] Fig. 5(b) shows the variation of the r.m.s.…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For Ti:sapphire laser, n c % 1.7 Â 10 21 /cm 3 ). For solids, the resonance takes place at n c , 17 at 2n c for nanorods, 17,18 and at 3n c for clusters. 19 Hence, it may be interesting to use CNT coated on planar Mo target to study laser energy absorption and x-ray emission.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Enhancement of Kα emission through efficient hot electron generation in carbon nanotubes on intense laser pulse irradiation

Chakravarty

Arora

Naik

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physics

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Conversion efficiency and spectral broadening of the K-α line emitted from planar titanium targets irradiated with ultra-short laser pulses of high intensity Near complete absorption of the energy of intense ultra-short laser pulses (45 fs, intensity $1.6 Â 10 16 to 2.5 Â 10 17 W/cm 2 ) is observed in carbon nanotubes deposited on a planar molybdenum substrate. The hollow structure of the nanotube plasma facilitates resonant electric field enhancement during its ionization phase. This resonantly enhanced localized field at a density much larger than the critical density n c leads to efficient hot electron generation, which results in enhanced K a emission of Mo at 17.5 keV. It is observed that for nanotubes, depending on the degree of hollowness, there is an optimum laser intensity for maximum x-ray enhancement compared to a planar uncoated target.

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Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancement of Kα emission through efficient hot electron generation in carbon nanotubes on intense laser pulse irradiation

Chakravarty

Arora

Naik

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…Improvement of the conversion of the laser energy to the energy of K-á radiation can be achieved by increasing the hot electron number and temperature [15]. However, the logarithmic growth of the cross-section for the K-á photon emission for relativistic electron energies in a thick target does not entail an increase in the conversion.…”

Section: Bright Monochromatic Ultra-short K-á X-ray Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging trends in X-ray spectroscopic studies of plasma produced by intense laser beams

Arora¹,

Chakera²,

Naik³

et al. 2015

AIP Conference Proceedings

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This article describes the study of rapidly evolving hot dense plasma, created by focusing high intensity laser pulses on to solid target surface, carried out at RRCAT, Indore. The basic concept of intense laser matter interaction and x-ray emission from plasma is briefly presented. The study of ionization dynamics of plasma by measuring x-ray yield of different ionic line radiation from the plasma produced by laser pulses from nanoseconds to femtosecond duration is discussed. The experimental signature of radiation transport in plasma is observed from the measurement of x-ray yield in keV spectral region from the mix-Z target. The transient conditions in plasma created by intense ultra-short laser were identified by simultaneous measurements of the inner-shell and the ionic line radiation. The generation and optimization of monochromatic K-x-ray source by intense femtosecond laser pulse were performed. A setup for ultrashort x-ray probe and pump technique developed to study the time resolved x-ray diffraction from a sample undergoing laser generated shock is described. The challenges and future outlook in this field is summarized.

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“…The patterning of 10-nm-scale nanoapertures at high aspect ratio is potentially of great interest to biological sensing 1 2 3 4 , x-ray diffraction 5 6 7 , and the study of plasmonics 8 9 . However, existing methods to controllably fabricate nanoaperture arrays in metal films are inadequate in terms of achievable resolution and aspect ratio, scalability and cost.…”

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confidence: 99%

High aspect ratio 10-nm-scale nanoaperture arrays with template-guided metal dewetting

Wang

Bharathi

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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We introduce an approach to fabricate ordered arrays of 10-nm-scale silica-filled apertures in a metal film without etching or liftoff. Using low temperature (<400°C) thermal dewetting of metal films guided by nano-patterned templates, apertures with aspect ratios up to 5:1 are demonstrated. Apertures form spontaneously during the thermal process without need for further processing. Although the phenomenon of dewetting has been well studied, this is the first demonstration of its use in the fabrication of nanoapertures in a spatially controllable manner. In particular, the achievement of 10-nm length-scale patterning at high aspect ratio with thermal dewetting is unprecedented. By varying the nanotemplate design, we show its strong influence over the positions and sizes of the nanoapertures. In addition, we construct a three-dimensional phase field model of metal dewetting on nano-patterned substrates. The simulation data obtained closely corroborates our experimental results and reveals new insights to template dewetting at the nanoscale. Taken together, this fabrication method and simulation model form a complete toolbox for 10-nm-scale patterning using template-guided dewetting that could be extended to a wide range of material systems and geometries.

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X-ray enhancement in a nanohole target irradiated by intense ultrashort laser pulses

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Enhancement of Kα emission through efficient hot electron generation in carbon nanotubes on intense laser pulse irradiation

Enhancement of Kα emission through efficient hot electron generation in carbon nanotubes on intense laser pulse irradiation

Emerging trends in X-ray spectroscopic studies of plasma produced by intense laser beams

High aspect ratio 10-nm-scale nanoaperture arrays with template-guided metal dewetting

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