An experimental study of high-order harmonic generation in In, InSb, InP, and InGaP plasmas using femtosecond laser radiation with variable chirp is presented. Intensity enhancement of the 13th and 21st harmonics compared to the neighboring harmonics by a factor of 200 and 10, respectively, is observed. It is shown that the harmonic spectrum from indium-containing plasma plumes can be considerably modified by controlling the chirp of the driving laser pulse.
A simple XUV transmission grating spectrograph operating in the wavelength range 3-90 Å with sub-ångström resolution without using any XUV imaging optics is described. This is based on a free-standing gold microstructure grating of 2000 Å period in normal incidence geometry. A spectral resolution of 0.6 Å is obtained by optimizing the slit aperture, the source-to-grating distance and the grating-to-detector distance. Electron temperatures deduced from analysis of the spectrum of a laser-produced magnesium plasma using a plasma spectroscopic code are consistent with theoretical considerations. The spectral range can be extended to higher wavelengths by using a larger detector. The simple geometry and ease of operation of the spectrograph should make it useful in many experiments such as those involving plasma-based XUV lasers and odd-harmonic generation in the XUV spectral region using ultra-short laser pulses.
Laser-induced damage studies have been carried out on single-crystal silicon and silicon-based photodetectors, FND 100 P-I-N photodiodes, and C30954E avalanche photodiodes as a function of repetition frequency for a 1064-nm wavelength. It has been observed that the damage threshold decreases significantly when the samples are irradiated with a large number of pulses. However, this effect is evident only when the repetition frequency is greater than 1 Hz. The results are discussed in light of various existing theories.
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