X-Ray Detection Capabilities of Plastic Scintillators Incorporated With ZrO<sub>2</sub> Nanoparticles

Toda, Akehiro; Kishimoto, Shunji

doi:10.1109/tns.2020.2978240

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Toda et al reported incorporating zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ) nanoparticles into plastics and achieved an average transmittance of 70% in the emission range with a 60 wt % NP loading. 18 We previously reported both nonluminescent nanoparticles and luminescent quantum dots in PVT as a nanocomposite scintillator. 16,17 The monoliths showed a high transmittance of 65−70% in the emission range at a high-Z sensitizer loading up to 60 wt %.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Spectroscopic Gamma Scintillation Using Hafnium Oxide Nanoparticles–Plastic Nanocomposites

Yu,

Winardi,

Han

et al. 2023

Chem. Mater.

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Fast scintillators with a spectroscopic gamma response are essential in nuclear security and medical imaging. However, few individual scintillation materials exhibit both fast scintillation decay and high photopeak energy resolution. We report a nanocomposite scintillator comprising 40 wt % of hafnium oxide nanoparticles uniformly dispersed in a luminescent plastic matrix. The nanoparticles have an average diameter of 4.2 nm and are covalently attached to the polymer matrix to prevent agglomeration and thus achieve high optical transparency across nanocomposite monoliths up to 8.5 mm thick. The measured transmittance is around 80% across the emission range. Gamma pulse scintillation has a fast decay time constant of 2.5 ns and high light output of 8000−9000 photons/MeV. The gamma scintillation shows energy proportionality from 32 to 1275 keV. A 1.93 cm 3 nanocomposite produces photopeaks at 32 and 662 keV for 137 Cs and at 511 and 1275 keV for 22 Na. The photopeak energy resolution at 662 keV is 7.2−9.1%.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Spectroscopic Gamma Scintillation Using Hafnium Oxide Nanoparticles–Plastic Nanocomposites

Yu,

Winardi,

Han

et al. 2023

Chem. Mater.

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“…[14,17] To improve the Xray absorption while maintaining the short decay lifetimes of organic scintillators, sensitization using various types of high Z materials, including organometallics, oxide nanoparticles, and metal halides, has been established as an effective approach. [13,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] However, a hybrid sensitized system with mixing of complementary elements could suffer from inferior exciton harvesting due to low uniformity and insufficient charge/energy transfer. Chemically bonding high Z radiation sensitizers and organic emitters in a single-crystalline system represents a highly promising strategy for the development of new generation scintillation materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Sensitization Enabled High Performance Organic Metal Halide Hybrid Scintillator

Shonde

Chaaban

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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Scintillators, one of the essential components in medical imaging and security checking devices, rely heavily on rare‐earth‐containing inorganic materials. Here, a new type of organic‐inorganic hybrid scintillators containing earth abundant elements that can be prepared via low‐temperature processes is reported. With room temperature co‐crystallization of an aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) organic halide, 4‐(4‐(diphenylamino) phenyl)‐1‐(propyl)‐pyrindin‐1ium bromide (TPA‐PBr), and a metal halide, zinc bromide (ZnBr2), a zero‐dimensional (0D) organic metal halide hybrid (TPA‐P)2ZnBr4 with a yellowish‐green emission peaked at 550 nm has been developed. In this hybrid material, dramatically enhanced X‐ray scintillation of TPA‐P+ is achieved via the sensitization by ZnBr42−. The absolute light yield (14,700 ± 800 Photons/MeV) of (TPA‐P)2ZnBr4 is found to be higher than that of anthracene (≈13,500 Photons/MeV), a well‐known organic scintillator, while its X‐ray absorption is comparable to those of inorganic scintillators. With TPA‐P+ as an emitting center, short photoluminescence and radioluminescence decay lifetimes of 3.56 and 9.96 ns have been achieved. Taking the advantages of high X‐ray absorption of metal halides and efficient radioluminescence with short decay lifetimes of organic cations, the material design paves a new pathway to address the issues of low X‐ray absorption of organic scintillators and long decay lifetimes of inorganic scintillators simultaneously.

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“…Several studies have explored the addition of heavy metals to enhance the high-energy photon detection efficiency of plastic scintillators. Heavy metals, such as Zr, 16,17 Sn, 18,19 Hf, [20][21][22] Pb, 19,23,24 and Bi, [25][26][27][28][29][30] have been added to host polymers, such as polystyrene (PS), polyvinyltoluene (PVT), and poly(9-vinylcarbazole) (PVK). 31,32 Presently, several suppliers offer commercial plastic scintillators loaded with 1-7 wt% Pb: Eljen Technology, OKEN, Saint-Gobain, or IHEP (EJ-256, NE142, BC-452, SC-223, SC-322), which are available for high-energy photon detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoluminescence and scintillation characteristics of Bi-loaded PVK-based plastic scintillators for the high counting-rate measurement of high-energy X-rays

et al. 2021

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X-Ray Detection Capabilities of Plastic Scintillators Incorporated With ZrO₂ Nanoparticles

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Fast Spectroscopic Gamma Scintillation Using Hafnium Oxide Nanoparticles–Plastic Nanocomposites

Fast Spectroscopic Gamma Scintillation Using Hafnium Oxide Nanoparticles–Plastic Nanocomposites

Molecular Sensitization Enabled High Performance Organic Metal Halide Hybrid Scintillator

Photoluminescence and scintillation characteristics of Bi-loaded PVK-based plastic scintillators for the high counting-rate measurement of high-energy X-rays

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X-Ray Detection Capabilities of Plastic Scintillators Incorporated With ZrO2 Nanoparticles

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Fast Spectroscopic Gamma Scintillation Using Hafnium Oxide Nanoparticles–Plastic Nanocomposites

Fast Spectroscopic Gamma Scintillation Using Hafnium Oxide Nanoparticles–Plastic Nanocomposites

Molecular Sensitization Enabled High Performance Organic Metal Halide Hybrid Scintillator

Photoluminescence and scintillation characteristics of Bi-loaded PVK-based plastic scintillators for the high counting-rate measurement of high-energy X-rays

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Product

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X-Ray Detection Capabilities of Plastic Scintillators Incorporated With ZrO₂ Nanoparticles