“X” Marks the spot: Florida is the 2004 hurricane bull's‐eye

Abstract

The hurricane season of 2004 has turned out to be one for the record books. The first recorded South American hurricane made landfall in Brazil in March 2004. Hurricane Alex, the first named storm of the North Atlantic hurricane season, was the strongest hurricane ever recorded north of 38° latitude. Hurricane Ivan was the most southerly‐forming North Atlantic hurricane recorded. After menacing the Caribbean, Ivan made an official landfall near Mobile, Alabama, but greatly affected the western panhandle region of Florida, which was located within the dangerous northeastern quadrant of the storm.

Pesticides and nitrate in groundwater underlying citrus croplands, Lake Wales Ridge, central Florida, 1999-2005.

“…The 1999 through 2005 period exhibited some of the wettest and driest years during the 1932-2005 record at Archbold Biological Research Station (Choquette and others, 2012). Additionally, in late summer and fall 2004, three major hurricanes passed directly across the Ridge, with associated intense wind and rainfall, and substantial damage to citrus foliage, fruit, and trees (Bossak, 2004;Albrigo and others, 2005).…”

Sampling history and 2009--2010 results for pesticides and inorganic constituents monitored by the Lake Wales Ridge Groundwater Network, central Florida

“…2). During the late summer and early fall of 2004, the paths of three major hurricanes crossed the northern part of the study area (Bossak, 2004).…”