Write Code, Save Lives: How a Community Uses Open Innovation to Address a Societal Challenge

Sims, Jonathan; Gichoya, Judy Wawira; Bhardwaj, Gaurab; Bogers, Marcel

doi:10.1111/radm.12338

Cited by 15 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Facing deadly diseases, for example, intergovernmental agencies (e.g., Medicines Patent Pool established and funded by the WHO) define challenges, propose solutions, and create a collective vision (Nilsson, 2017). Similarly, in their study of an open‐source software community developing medical‐record‐keeping software, Sims et al (2019) observed that global health‐care agencies help the community’s software to become socially recognized and desirable.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, existing studies on innovation in both normal and catastrophic times have primarily focused on the innovation activities of actors at the core of systems (e.g., governments, established firms, and intermediaries), leaving the roles of peripheral actors understudied. Indeed, a ‘firm‐centric perspective’ prevails in open innovation research (Sims et al, 2019, p. 11), and the existing triple helix model is typically ‘high‐tech focused’ (Höglund and Linton, 2018, p. 61). Studies on innovation in economic crises and pandemics mostly revolve around the activities and responses of firms, governments, and intergovernmental agencies (e.g., Archibugi et al, 2013; Nilsson, 2017).…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reason for this is that, first, the innovation literature has typically focused on somewhat central actors, such as firms, governments, and intermediaries, in innovation systems. For example, open innovation research has tended to take a ‘firm‐centric perspective’ (Sims et al, 2019, p. 11), and the triple helix literature has been ‘high‐tech focused’ (Höglund and Linton, 2018, p. 61). Studies on innovation in emergencies have mostly centered on the responses of firms, governments, and intergovernmental agencies (e.g., Shane et al, 2003; Hud and Hussinger, 2015; Nilsson, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Bottom‐up solutions in a time of crisis: the case of Covid‐19 in South Korea

2021

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Innovation systems have seen diverse actors attempting to tame the Covid‐19 crisis, under varying degrees of government direction. Largely neglected in scholarly and public attention, however, are ‘bottom‐up’ solutions arising from the periphery of innovation systems. Drawing on inductive case research on a fringe doctor who invented the idea of the drive‐through testing system, and two university student teams that developed coronavirus applications, this study examines how peripheral actors generate innovative, bottom‐up solutions at speed in a time of crisis. Our findings reveal that, in a crisis situation, bottom‐up solutions transpire on the basis of three innovation drivers: (a) peripheral status, expediting the commence of innovation activities; (b) interdisciplinary collaboration, enabling access to a greater spectrum of knowledge and perspectives; and (c) prior knowledge, prescribing the direction of solution generation. We also identify that system intermediaries support the innovation activities of peripheral actors, thereby helping bottom‐up solutions to become more customer facing. Such functions of intermediaries include demand articulation, technical assistance, and promulgation of generated solutions. Our findings offer theoretical implications for the literature on innovation in a time of crisis and practical implications for governments and organizations preparing themselves for the potential second wave of coronavirus emergencies, or even a completely new form of future crisis.

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Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bottom‐up solutions in a time of crisis: the case of Covid‐19 in South Korea

2021

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“…In the case of the response to COVID‐19 needs, the main characteristic was to respond very quickly. There was no time to start new projects or collaborations with external partners (Sims et al, 2019), unless they were extremely fast, almost real‐time. Therefore, this paper contributes to this literature by suggesting that firms answering generously to solve problems and contributing to society’s needs related to COVID‐19 have either exploited their (mainly) existing R&D , innovation, and manufacturing competencies, or (mainly) explored and developed new ad hoc ones (Tushman and Anderson, 1986).…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovating and transforming during COVID‐19: insights from Italian firms

Ferrigno

Cucino

2021

R & D Management

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During the COVID‐19 pandemic, a huge number of firms had to stop their activities due to the lockdown situation that has been decided in most countries. However, to contribute to the many emergencies caused by the pandemic through purpose‐led actions, many of those firms have reacted with innovative projects and changes in their manufacturing activities. In this paper, we address why and how these efforts have been implemented and how the situation of these firms evolved after the peak of the health crisis. Drawing on the literature about the purpose and R&D/innovation management concerning health emergency, we develop a conceptual framework to understand how different types of purpose‐led actions (i.e., short term and/or long term) and different R&D management strategies (i.e., exploitation or exploration of R&D, innovation, and manufacturing competencies) can characterize firms’ rapid response for the benefit of the community in the fight against COVID‐19, for example through the provision of medical equipment or other products and services. We validate the framework using the cases of 21 Italian firms which have taken very fast actions during the peak of the COVID‐19 emergency.

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“…The OpenMRS (open source medical record system) software was originally designed with the need to address the unmet need of HIV patients in mind, but soon adopted a broader vision of creating a robust and scalable open source system for health care delivery (Sims et al, 2019). Data management solutions that could offload paper documentation for hospitals, not only in the wake of a staggering number of individuals living with HIV/AIDS, but also given those living with multidrug resistant tuberculosis, were critical for the uninterrupted operations of these health systems.…”

Section: Openmrsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Intelligence for Global Health: Learning From a Decade of Digital Transformation in Health Care

Mathur¹,

Purkayastha²,

Gichoya³

2020

Preprint

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The health needs of those living in resource-limited settings are a vastly overlooked and understudied area in the intersection of machine learning (ML) and health care. While the use of ML in health care is more recently popularized over the last few years from the advancement of deep learning, low-and-middle income countries (LMICs) have already been undergoing a digital transformation of their own in health care over the last decade, leapfrogging milestones due to the adoption of mobile health (mHealth). With the introduction of new technologies, it is common to start afresh with a top-down approach, and implement these technologies in isolation, leading to lack of use and a waste of resources. In this paper, we outline the necessary considerations both from the perspective of current gaps in research, as well as from the lived experiences of health care professionals in resource-limited settings. We also outline briefly several key components of successful implementation and deployment of technologies within health systems in LMICs, including technical and cultural considerations in the development process relevant to the building of machine learning solutions. We then draw on these experiences to address where key opportunities for impact exist in resourcelimited settings, and where AI/ML can provide the most benefit.

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Write Code, Save Lives: How a Community Uses Open Innovation to Address a Societal Challenge

Cited by 15 publications

References 44 publications

Bottom‐up solutions in a time of crisis: the case of Covid‐19 in South Korea

Bottom‐up solutions in a time of crisis: the case of Covid‐19 in South Korea

Innovating and transforming during COVID‐19: insights from Italian firms

Artificial Intelligence for Global Health: Learning From a Decade of Digital Transformation in Health Care

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