Worldwide occurrence of mycotoxins in commodities, feeds and feed ingredients

Binder, Eva; Tan, L.M.; Chin, L.J.; Handl, J.; Richard, J. L.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.06.005

Cited by 614 publications

(457 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Estas micotoxinas ocorrem fundamentalmente no milho e em alimentos à base de milho, sendo a FB 1 a mais a mais tóxica, representando 70-80% do total de fumonisinas produzidas em culturas de laboratório ou em milho naturalmente contaminado (Cawood et al 1991, Binder et al 2007. A contaminação de matérias primas alimentares e rações com fumonisinas, tem sido associada a várias doenças que podem afetar a saúde de animais domésticos, sendo extremamente tóxicas para equídeos e suínos (Soriano, González & Catalá 2005).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Ganho de peso, consumo de ração e histologia de órgãos de leitões alimentados com rações contendo baixos níveis de fumonisina B1

Souto

Ramalho

et al. 2015

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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RESUMO.-A fumonisina B 1 (FB 1 ) é um metabólito secundário produzido principalmente por Fusarium verticilioides em diversos tipos de alimentos, principalmente o milho, o qual constitui a base para composição de rações para várias espécies de animais domésticos. A FB 1 é particularmente tóxica para suínos, cujas manifestações clínicas são evidentes em animais expostos a altas concentrações de FB 1 na ração (em geral, acima de 30mg/kg). No entanto, são escassos os estudos sobre os efeitos da FB 1 em suínos alimentados com rações contendo baixas concentrações de fumonisinas, as quais são mais prováveis de serem encontradas em condições de campo. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da exposição de leitões a baixos níveis de FB 1 na ra- ) is a secondary metabolite produced mainly by Fusarium verticilioides in several types of foods, particularly corn, which is the basis for composition of feed for several domestic animals. FB 1 is particularly toxic to pigs, being the clinical manifestations evident in animals exposed to high concentrations of FB 1 in the diet (generally above 30mg/kg). However, there are few studies on the effects of FB 1 on pigs fed rations containing low concentrations of fumonisin, which are most probably found under field conditions. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a 28-day exposure of piglets to low levels of FB 1 in the feed on the weight gain, feed consumption, organ weights and histological aspects of the spleen, liver, lungs, kidneys and heart. Twenty-four pigs were assigned into 4 experimental groups and fed diets containing 0mg (control), 3.0mg, 6.0mg or 9.0mg FB 1 /kg diet. The different diets did not affect (P>0.05) the weight gain or the weight of organs examined. There were no macroscopic or histological lesions in the spleen, liver, kidneys and heart. However, histological lesions were found in the lungs from all animals fed rations containing fumonisin, hence indicating that none of the FB 1 levels used in the experiment could be considered as safe for piglets. Further studies on the mechanisms of toxic action of FB 1 in pigs are needed, particularly under conditions of prolonged exposure to low contamination levels in the diet.INDEX TERMS: Fumonisin B 1 , FB 1 , low levels, swine, toxic effects, mycotoxicosis.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Ganho de peso, consumo de ração e histologia de órgãos de leitões alimentados com rações contendo baixos níveis de fumonisina B1

Souto

Ramalho

et al. 2015

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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“…Major fungal toxins include AFs, zearalenone (ZEA), deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisins (Fs), and ochratoxins (OTs). In a survey conducted by Binder et al [27], more than half of the samples (n = 1507) collected from European and Mediterranean markets and one third of the samples (n = 1291) from the Asia-Pacific region were found to be positive for DON, T-2 toxin, ZEA, Fs, and AFs. Exposure to mycotoxins may compromise the production and health status in animals and humans, respectively.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Mycotoxins In Animal Feed In Pakistanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aflatoxin Contamination of the Milk Supply: A Pakistan Perspective

Aslam

Wynn

2015

Agriculture

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Improving both quality and quantity of food available is a pressing need especially when one eighth of the world's population consumes less energy than is required for maintenance and is exposed to contaminated food, both of which lead to greater susceptibility to diseases. The Pakistani population depends heavily on milk for nutritional needs and 10% of household income is spent on milk. This commodity requires continuous monitoring and care from its site of production by smallholder dairy producers through to urban consumers along tradition milk marketing chains. Feed ingredients used as concentrate feed to enhance milk production are often contaminated with mycotoxins, which, after ingestion, are transferred into milk. Aflatoxins can contribute to the causation of liver cancers, immune system disorders, and growth-related issues in children. Moreover, deaths in both humans and animals have also been reported after ingestion of aflatoxin-contaminated food. Studies have shown contamination of food and feed ingredients with mycotoxins, especially aflatoxins. This review places the dairy industry into context, summarizes how milk and milk products are contaminated with aflatoxins, and discusses the present legislative regulation of milk quality implemented in Pakistan. There is a need to eliminate fungus-susceptible animal feed ingredients, which are the source of mycotoxins so prevalent in the milk marketed to the consumer in Pakistan. OPEN ACCESSAgriculture 2015, 5 1173

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“…Mycotoxin (DON, ZEN, T-2 and HT-2) dietary estimations have been performed by several EU-countries (SCOOP 2003(SCOOP , 2003JECFA, 2010;Reddy et al, 2010;Bail et al, 2005;Binder et al,2007;Harcz et al, 2007;Maragos, 2011 (Harcz et al, 2007).…”

Section: Uncertainty Related To Exposure Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human exposure to mycotoxins and their masked forms through cereal-based foods in Belgium

et al. 2013

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In the present study, a quantitative dietary exposure assessment of mycotoxins and their masked forms was conducted on a national representative sample of the Belgian population using the contamination data of cereal-based foods. Cereal-based food products (n = 174) were analysed for the occurrence of deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, zearalenone, α-zearalenol, β-zearalenol, T-2-toxin, HT-2-toxin, and their respective masked forms, including, deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside, zearalenone-4-glucoside, α-zearalenol-4-glucoside, β-zearalenol-4-glucoside and zearalenone-4-sulfate.Fiber-enriched bread, bran-enriched bread, breakfast cereals, popcorn and oatmeal were collected in Belgian supermarkets according to a structured sampling plan and analysed during the period from April 2010 till October 2011. The habitual intake of these food groups was estimated from a national representative food intake survey. According to a probabilistic exposure analysis, the mean (and P95) mycotoxin intake for the sum of the deoxynivalenolequivalents, zearalenone-equivalents, and the sum of HT-2-and T-2-toxin for all cereal-based foods was 0.1162 (0.4047, P95), 0.0447 (0.1568, P95) and 0.0258 (0.0924, P95) µg kg -1 body weight day -1 , respectively. These values were below the tolerable daily intake (TDI) levels for deoxynivalenol, zearalenone and the sum of T-2 and HT-2 toxin (1.0, 0.25 and 0.1 µg kg -1 body weight day -1 , respectively). The absolute level exceeding the TDI for all cereal-based foods was calculated, and recorded 0.85%, 2.75% and 4,11% of the Belgian population, respectively. KEYWORDS: mycotoxins,

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Worldwide occurrence of mycotoxins in commodities, feeds and feed ingredients

Cited by 614 publications

References 8 publications

Ganho de peso, consumo de ração e histologia de órgãos de leitões alimentados com rações contendo baixos níveis de fumonisina B1

Ganho de peso, consumo de ração e histologia de órgãos de leitões alimentados com rações contendo baixos níveis de fumonisina B1

Aflatoxin Contamination of the Milk Supply: A Pakistan Perspective

Human exposure to mycotoxins and their masked forms through cereal-based foods in Belgium

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