World-wide trends in powertrain system development in light of emissions 
legislation, fuels, lubricants, and test methods

Bielaczyc, Piotr; Woodburn, Joseph; Joshi, Ameya

doi:10.19206/ce-134785

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…These conditions are different from everyday life [34,35]. Of course, global trends in the development of drive systems must be taken into account, and research must be carried out in the light of regulations on emissions, fuels, lubricants and test methods [36]. Hence, further work in the presented direction is necessary.…”

Section: Recommendationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel with a higher content of bio components in greenhouse effect aspects

Andrych-Zalewska¹,

Sitnik²,

Sroka³

et al. 2022

Combustion Engines

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Transport is an energy-intensive sector of the economy and it is important where energy comes from and how it is used - now and in the future. The presented research results seem to encourage further work, despite the fact that the work had the character of basic research. The results were achieved in idealized conditions by the fact that the internal combustion engine was tested in static conditions on the test bench and the fuels contained components with strictly defined parameters. These conditions are different from everyday life. However, the obtained results seem to be valuable as they lead to conclusions regarding biofuels, and these conclusions are not directly formulated and published in the literature on the subject. The general conclusion from the research carried out is that the introduction of the so-called biofuels can contribute not to the reduction of CO2 emissions, but to its faster balancing in the environment. This balancing can be achieved but at the cost of increased fuel consumption. This increase in fuel consumption would probably not occur if the "bio" components in the fuel were synthetic hydrocarbons obtained from biomass. However, proving it requires wider studies, including LCA. Data for this LCA, especially about a fuel consumption, may be coming from long term operation of vehicles.

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Section: Recommendationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel with a higher content of bio components in greenhouse effect aspects

Andrych-Zalewska¹,

Sitnik²,

Sroka³

et al. 2022

Combustion Engines

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“…However, the EU policy aimed at reducing exhaust emissions and CO 2 influenced the introduction of strict emission standards also covering rail vehicles. Ambitious zero-emission transport plans [29,33], led to the development of alternative power sources [4] in the vehicle sector of Non-Road Mobile Machinery (NRMM) [14], which also includes rail vehicles [5,18,28]. A particularly discussed issue is the use of hydrogen in rail vehicles [31], mainly using Fuel Cells (FC) [12,19,27,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical aspects of the selection of an engine-generator set for a dual-drive locomotive

Michalak,

Urbański,

Jakuszko

et al. 2024

Combustion Engines

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The use of dual-drive rolling stock is a relatively new solution on the railway market. Vehicle with such type of powertrain is more versatile because it combines the advantages of using diesel vehicles and electric vehicles that consume energy from overhead electric traction. The concept of using such vehicles is highly innovative and has many advantages, however, the design and construction process is more complicated and requires more work than in the case of conventional systems. This article presents the methodology and process of selecting an engine-generator set for a dual-drive locomotive. Indicators and procedures, crucial in the process of selecting a dual-drive system for a locomotive, were described and evaluated. All above mentioned in the work were used during the real design process of a fully Polish locomotive with both diesel and electric drives. The locomotive in Diesel mode was to have an output power of circa 1,560 kW for cargo transport. Calculations for the locomotive's power balance are included, showing power losses in the system and for locomotive's own needs. It has been shown that in cargo transport 77% of the maximum engine power is used as tractive power, and in passenger transport 58.6%.

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“…Its friction pair has complex operating environment and harsh working environment, so it will generate more deposits, higher friction loss and wear (Nikolakopoulos, 2021;Nagano et al, 2017). The lubrication status of moving parts is considered to be the key to affecting engine fuel economy, durability, and noise, vibration, harshness (Xue, 2019;Chen, 2021;Bielaczyc et al, 2021;Tang et al, 2018). Therefore, studying the influence of lubricating oil on the friction distribution of TGDI engines is of great significance to the antifriction and robust design of the engine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and experimental research on the influence of lubrication on the comprehensive friction of TGDI engine

Hong

Yi-min

Wang

et al. 2022

ILT

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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the effects of low-viscosity and ultralow-viscosity engine oils on the comprehensive friction and fuel economy of turbocharged gasoline direct injection (TGDI) through simulation analysis and experiments. Design/methodology/approach Numerical analysis models of friction loss for reciprocating, crankshaft and valve train are established. Based on the FAST, the friction loss of 24 specific parts of a TGDI engine was analyzed. Finally, the engine test bench was built, which was used to test the mechanical loss, external characteristics and universal characteristics. Findings Compared with the baseline oil, lower viscosity lubricating oil can reduce the friction loss of nine components to varying degrees. When the viscosity decreases, the friction distribution ratio of reciprocating, crankshaft and balance shaft will gradually decrease. The proportion of reciprocating when using 0W12 is reduced by 4%. Tests have shown that ultralow viscosity engine oil reduces torque loss by up to 15.74% (2,000 rpm, full throttle), but its fuel consumption rate becomes higher in low-speed and high-torque conditions. Originality/value This work helps to understand the effect of lubricating oil characteristics on the comprehensive friction performance of the engine.

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World-wide trends in powertrain system development in light of emissions legislation, fuels, lubricants, and test methods

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Fuel with a higher content of bio components in greenhouse effect aspects

Fuel with a higher content of bio components in greenhouse effect aspects

Technical aspects of the selection of an engine-generator set for a dual-drive locomotive

Simulation and experimental research on the influence of lubrication on the comprehensive friction of TGDI engine

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