World Karst Aquifer Map (WHYMAP WOKAM)

Chen, Zhao; Goldscheider, Nico; Auler, Augusto; Bakalowicz, Michel; Broda, Stefan; Drew, David; Hartmann, Jens; Jiang, Guanghui; Moosdorf, Nils; Richts, Andrea; Stevanovic, Zoran; Veni, George; Dumont, Aurélien; Aureli, Alice; Clos, Patrick; Krombholz, Martin

doi:10.25928/b2.21_sfkq-r406

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Subterranean ecosystems are likely the most widespread nonmarine environments on Earth, covering at least 19% of the Earth's surface (Chen et al, 2017;Sánchez-Fernández et al, 2021). Yet, only 6.9% of known subterranean ecosystems overlap with protected areas globally (Sánchez-Fernández et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dark side of conservation biology: Protected areas fail in representing subterranean biodiversity

Colado

Abellán

Pallarés

et al. 2023

Insect Conserv Diversity

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Biodiversity conservation is a central imperative of the 21st century. Subterranean ecosystems deliver critical nature's contributions to people and harbour a broad diversity of poorly understood specialised organisms. However, the subterranean biome is still largely overlooked in global biodiversity targets. We assessed how well subterranean biodiversity is represented in protected areas (Natura 2000 and Emerald networks) in two global hotspots of subterranean biodiversity (the Pyrenees and the Alps). For this, we used two comprehensive databases of terrestrial subterranean taxa, that is, leiodids (beetles) from the Pyrenees and spiders from the Alps, and identified priority areas in each region using both species richness and geographic rarity patterns. Our results show the incapacity of surface‐protected area networks to represent subterranean biodiversity, as more than 70% and 90% of the identified priority areas (and 40% and 22% of the species) are not effectively covered by protected areas in the Pyrenees and the Alps, respectively. These findings call for developing an urgent plan for subterranean biodiversity conservation within the European Biodiversity Strategy for 2030.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dark side of conservation biology: Protected areas fail in representing subterranean biodiversity

Colado

Abellán

Pallarés

et al. 2023

Insect Conserv Diversity

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show abstract

“…Karst aquifers are among the richest and purest on Earth [1][2][3][4], and are heavily threatened by a variety of dangers, including anthropogenic impacts and marine intrusion [5][6][7][8][9]. The importance of karst waters has repeatedly been documented over the last few decades, up to the recent project World Karst Aquifer Map (WOKAM), which highlighted that the total surface area of carbonates and evaporites was estimated to be 20 × 10 6 km 2 (about 15% of the total ice-free land surface area on Earth [10,11]). The largest karst area is in Asia (>7.5 × 10 6 km 2 ), whereas Europe has the greatest percentage of karst, corresponding to 21.6% of its land surface area [3,4,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Karst Brackish Springs of Albania

2022

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The territory of Albania presents wide outcrops of soluble rocks, with typical karst landforms and the presence of remarkable carbonate aquifers. Many karst areas are located near the coasts, which results in a variety of environmental problems, mostly related to marine intrusion. This paper focuses on the brackish springs of Albania, which exhibit temperatures approximately equal to the yearly air temperature at their location. Total dissolved solids of the springs are higher than 1000 mg/l, their waters are not drinkable, and they are rarely used for other purposes. The groundwater of the alluvial aquifers of Albania, particularly those of Pre-Adriatic Lowland, are often brackish too, but these will not be addressed here. Brackish springs of Albania are mainly of karst origin and can be classified into two groups: springs in evaporitic rock, mainly gypsum, and springs in carbonate rock. The hydro-chemical facies of the first group are usually Ca-SO4, locally with increased concentrations of Na-Cl, whereas springs belonging to the second group usually exhibit Na-Cl facies. The largest brackish springs of Albania are described in detail, including their hydro-chemical correlations.

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Characterization of the palaeoenvironmental conditions in the Pannonian Basin during the last 34 mys related to the formation of haematitic and kaolinitic sedimentary rocks

Tràjer

2023

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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The Pannonian Basin is a sediment-filled back-arc basin which was formed during the Late Paleogene–Neogene period. Such sedimentary rocks like bauxites or kaolinites, which are important with regard to industry in the region, are the products of former weathering processes. However, our knowledge about the palaeoenvironmental conditions which led to the formation of these mineral resources has not yet been integrated. For this purpose, the former biomes, climatic classes as well as karstification, weathering and paedogenic processes were investigated over the last 34 mys using the southeastern regions of China and the United States as climatically analogous regions. By the second half of the Oligocene, the conditions of intensive chemical weathering ceased to exist in the Pannonian Basin, which enabled the formation of lateritic bauxites during earlier periods. However, up to the mid-Serravallian Stage, intensive karstification as well as the formation of haematite-rich ultisols and alfisols continued when humid subtropical climatic conditions came about. The modelled biomes indicate that aridification during the Early to Middle Miocene led to the formation of less dense vegetation, exacerbating the re-deposition of weathering products. These conditions resulted in the accumulation of haematitic and kaolinitic sedimentary rocks in the fossilized karst depressions. The progressive cooling following the mid-Pliocene decreased the intensity of karstification, moreover, the cessation of humid subtropical conditions brought the sedimentation of haematitic and kaolinitic sedimentary rocks in the Pannonian Basin to an end.

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World Karst Aquifer Map (WHYMAP WOKAM)

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

A dark side of conservation biology: Protected areas fail in representing subterranean biodiversity

A dark side of conservation biology: Protected areas fail in representing subterranean biodiversity

Karst Brackish Springs of Albania

Characterization of the palaeoenvironmental conditions in the Pannonian Basin during the last 34 mys related to the formation of haematitic and kaolinitic sedimentary rocks

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