Workplace Abuse and Economic Exploitation of Children Working in the Streets of Latin American Cities

Pinzón-Rondón, Ángela María; Botero, Juan Carlos; Benson, Lisa; Briceño-Ayala, Leonardo; Kanamori, Mariano

doi:10.1179/107735210799160354

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, results suggested gender influenced work-related injuries among children; males had more injuries resulting from construction-related jobs while female had more injuries from work in stores, markets, and restaurants [ 60 ]. Pinzón-Rondóna et al later reported how for each additional ten hours per week of children's work on streets, there was an increased prevalence of abuse in working areas as well as an increased prevalence of occupational injuries [ 54 ]. Mondal et al studied the sociomedical profiles among child workers along railways in India; about 1-in-4 children had some forms of handicap and/or illness, that is, respiratory tract infections or RTI, eczema, diarrhea, and abdominal pain [ 64 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The family or household status also influenced labor-related effects. Pinzón-Rondóna et al discussed how the economic exploitation of children as beggars by parents for family basic needs was more likely to occur among children living with their mothers in four Latin American cities: Bogotá, Colombia; Lima, Peru; Quito, Ecuador; and São Paulo, Brazil [ 54 ]. Parker and Overby suggested child labor and health might be explained by a model integrating economic development, education, and labor regulation; the children lacking financial resources and education, and suffering from impaired growth or development, tended to engage in work [ 78 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exposures Resulting in Safety and Health Concerns for Child Laborers in Less Developed Countries

Shendell

Noomnual

Chishti

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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Objectives. Worldwide, over 200 million children are involved in child labor, with another 20 million children subjected to forced labor, leading to acute and chronic exposures resulting in safety and health (S&H) risks, plus removal from formal education and play. This review summarized S&H issues in child labor, including forced or indentured domestic labor as other sectors of child labor. Specifically, we focused on exposures leading to S&H risks. Methods. We used PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. References were in English, published in 1990–2015, and included data focused on exposures and S&H concerns of child labor. Results. Seventy-six journal articles were identified, 67 met criteria, 57 focused on individual countries, and 10 focused on data from multiple countries (comparing 3–83 countries). Major themes of concern were physical exposures including ergonomic hazards, chemical exposure hazards, and missed education. Childhood labor, especially forced, exploitative labor, created a significant burden on child development, welfare, and S&H. Conclusions. More field researche data emphasizing longitudinal quantitative effects of exposures and S&H risks are needed. Findings warranted developing policies and educational interventions with proper monitoring and evaluation data collection, plus multiple governmental, international organization and global economic reform efforts, particularly in lower-income, less developed countries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposures Resulting in Safety and Health Concerns for Child Laborers in Less Developed Countries

Shendell

Noomnual

Chishti

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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“…Child abuse is the physical, sexual, emotional mistreatment, or neglect of children that results in harm to a child. [ 18 ] It can occur at home or in schools or in communities, the child interacts with. The insults can results in psychological and physical effects, impaired brain development, poor physical health, shaken baby syndrome, and extreme impact can result in rib fractures in an infant secondary to child abuse.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric emergency medical services and their drawbacks

Alanazi

2012

J Emerg Trauma Shock

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Aim:To survey the literature on Pediatric Emergency Medical Services (PEMS) with an aim to focus its drawbacks and emphasize the means of improvement.Materials and Methods:Published articles selected for inclusion were based on the significance and understanding of literature search on different aspects of PEMS. To meet this criterion, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, Uptodate, Med Line, comprehensive databases, Cochrane library and the Internet (Google, Yahoo) were thoroughly searched.Results:PEMS provide out-of-hospital medical care and/or transport the patients to definitive care. The task force represents specialties of ambulance transport, first aid, emergency medical care, life saving, trauma, emergency medicine, water rescue, and extrication. Preliminary care is undertaken to save the patients from different medical exigencies. The techniques and procedures of basic and advanced life-support are employed. A large number of weaknesses are recorded in PEMS system, such as ambulance transport irregularities, deficit equipment, lack of expertise, and ignorance of the pre-hospital care providers. These are discussed with special reference to a few examples of medical exigencies.Conclusions:The appointments in PEMS should be regularized with specific qualifications, experience, and expertise in different areas. Responsibility of PEMS should not be left to pre-hospital care providers, who are non clinicians and lack proper education and training. Pediatricians should be adequately trained to play an active role in PEMS. Meetings should be convened to discuss the lapses and means of improvement. Networks of co-operation between pre-hospital providers and experts in the emergency department should be established.

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“…Economic demands (Woodroffe, 2000); (Bathmaker et al, 2013); (Posel, 2005) are getting bigger day by day, causing the problem of poverty to increase day by day. This creates problems for families (Wuest et al, 2003); (Orellana et al, 2001) that require every family member to have a role in this matter, including children who must participate in fulfilling the family's living needs (Obimakinde & Shabir, 2023), (Pinzon-Rondon et al, 2010). Based on this, children are vulnerable to experiencing a process of exploitation (Tharinger et al, 1990); (Mbakogu, 2020) (Jimenez et al, 2015); (Robinson et al, 2019); (Walker, 2002) within the family.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchy of Child Exploitation by Parents in Makassar City, Indonesia

Ramlan,

Kasnawi,

Manda

et al. 2023

ijahs

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The problem of poverty is formed by the structure itself, even if it is formed by a culture that keeps it in the same condition and has no motivation to change. Family poverty makes children vulnerable to exploitation by parents because children have to take a role in fulfilling family life. In this research, we examine the hegemonic hierarchy of child exploitation in child labor practices as a form of parental exploitation. This research uses qualitative research with the aim of finding out the mechanisms of child exploitation by parents and the hegemony hierarchy of child exploitation. The subjects in this research were 5 children who were victims of exploitation, 5 parents who exploited their children, 3 people from women's empowerment and child protection, 2 people from community development officials, and 5 people from the community around victims of exploitation. Data collection was carried out by observing the research location and finding problems, in-depth interviews to find complete information and documentation. The research results show that there is a hegemonic hierarchy in the form of exploitation of children by parents in Makassar City. The hierarchical form of hegemony in the process has three levels, namely minimum hegemony (there is a feeling of fear in the child, there is frightening pressure or sanctions from parents, and the child's trust decreases), declining hegemony (there is a sense of dependence in the child, the child's trust begins to disappear, and there is the potential for conflict between children and their parents), total hegemony (a sense of responsibility/obligation within the child, no compulsion to work, full or total trust, integration between children and people), and "happy" hegemony (the existence of a sense of joy in the child, an inner drive to work, full or maximum trust, integration between the child and parents). Happy hegemony is the end of the hegemony process, namely a consensus that is built because of a feeling of happiness because children receive rewards after working.

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Workplace Abuse and Economic Exploitation of Children Working in the Streets of Latin American Cities

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Exposures Resulting in Safety and Health Concerns for Child Laborers in Less Developed Countries

Exposures Resulting in Safety and Health Concerns for Child Laborers in Less Developed Countries

Pediatric emergency medical services and their drawbacks

Hierarchy of Child Exploitation by Parents in Makassar City, Indonesia

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