Working memory and general intelligence: The role of short-term storage

Colom, Roberto; Flores-Mendoza, Carmen; Quiroga, Macarena Ángel; Privado, Jesús

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2005.03.020

Cited by 63 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In the child cohort this was about 30%. Since STM and WM are related to IQ (Ackerman, Beier, & Boyle, 2005;Colom et al, 2005;Kane et al, 2004), this is in concordance with previous research showing that the heritability of IQ increases with age . In the young adults, two different factor models were compared: a VSM-VM model and a one common factor model.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Current consensus considers the phonological loop and the visuospatial sketchpad equivalent to STM (e.g., Alloway, Gathercole, & Pickering, 2006;Baddeley, 2003;Bayliss, Jarrold, Gunn, & Baddeley, 2003;Colom, Flores-Mendoza, Quiroga, & Privado, 2005;Conway, Cowan, Bunting, Therriault, & Minkoff, 2002;Gathercole, Pickering, Ambridge, & Wearing, 2004 . RAH is financially supported by NWO-Rubicon.…”

Section: Abstract: Verbal Memory Visuospatial Memory Development Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The genetic and environmental structure of verbal and visuospatial memory in young adults and children.

Leeuwen¹,

Berg²,

Hoekstra³

et al. 2009

Neuropsychology

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The extent to which verbal (VM) and visuospatial memory (VSM) tests measure the same or multiple constructs is unclear. Likewise the relationship between VM and VSM across development is not known. These questions are addressed using genetically informative data, studying two age cohorts (young adults and children) of twins and siblings. VM and VSM were measured in the working memory and short-term memory domain. Multivariate genetic analyses revealed that two highly correlated common genetic factors, one for VM and one for VSM, gave the best description of the covariance structure among the measures. Only in children, specific genetic factors were also present. This led to the following conclusions: In children, one genetic factor is responsible for linking VM and VSM. Specific genetic factors create differences between these two domains. During the course of development, the influence of genetic factors unique to each of these domains disappears and the genetic factor develops into two highly correlated factors, which are specific to VM and VSM respectively. At the environmental level, in both age cohorts, environmental factors create differences between these domains. Keywords: verbal memory, visuospatial memory, development, cognitionThe domain specificity versus the domain generality of working memory (WM) and short-term memory (STM) has been studied extensively in children as well as adults (e.g., Haavisto & Lehto, 2005;Maehara & Saito, 2007; Tillman, Nyberg, & Bohlin, in press). However, until now there is no agreement whether WM and STM are domain-specific or domain-general constructs. In other words, it is unclear whether there are domain-specific storage and executive function mechanisms for visuospatial and verbal memory tasks. We report on a twin study that examined the genetic and environmental relation between verbal and visuospatial memory in young adults and children from the general population. In both age groups, similar tasks were used to measure verbal and visuospatial WM and STM.Short-term memory is the capacity to store material over short periods of time in situations that do not impose other competing cognitive demands (Gathercole, Alloway, Willis, & Adams, 2006). Working memory is the system that is necessary for the concurrent storage and manipulation of information (Baddeley, 1992). Most studies (e.g., Kane et al., 2004) examine the domain generality versus the domain specificity of STM and WM from the perspective of the WM model of Baddeley (2000) and Baddeley & Hitch (1974). The Baddeley model comprises a central executive and three storage systems: the phonological loop, the visuospatial sketchpad, and the episodic buffer. The central executive is the system responsible for a range of regulatory functions, including attention, the control of action, and problem solving (Baddeley, 1996). The phonological loop comprises a phonological store that can hold memory traces for a few seconds before they fade, and an articulatory rehearsal process. The visuospatial sketchpad is its visuospa...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Abstract: Verbal Memory Visuospatial Memory Development Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genetic and environmental structure of verbal and visuospatial memory in young adults and children.

Leeuwen¹,

Berg²,

Hoekstra³

et al. 2009

Neuropsychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although there is some evidence to suggest otherwise (e.g., Colom, Flores-Mendoza, Quiroga, & Privado, 2005), it is relatively widely recognised that DSB is a better measure of working memory capacity (WMC) than DSF (Hedden & Gabrieli, 2004;Oberauer, Süß, Schulze, Wilhelm, & Wittmann, 2000). Working memory (WM) is considered different from short-term memory (STM) in that WM requires the maintenance and the manipulation (or transformation) of information temporarily during cognitive activity (Baddeley & Hitch, 1974;Baddeley, 2002;Oberauer et al, 2000).…”

Section: The Case For Digit Spanmentioning

confidence: 99%

The magical numbers 7 and 4 are resistant to the Flynn effect: No evidence for increases in forward or backward recall across 85 years of data

Gignac

2015

Intelligence

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“…Autori to objašnjavaju zasićenošću ovog subtesta "g" faktorom (opšta inteligencija). Na nešto starijem uzrastu (II razred), pored pojmovnog mišljenja, značajnu ulogu ima i sposobnost zadržavanja verbalnih i neverbalnih informacija (Novosel i Nikolić, 1989), koja je takođe bliska konceptu inteligencije (Colom et al, 2005;Colom et al, 2008). S obzirom na to da, prema našem saznanju, do sada nije bilo direktne analize povezanosti uspeha na ovom testu i inteligencije, cilj ovog rada je da se utvrdi odnos između uspeha na Akadija testu i fluidne inteligencije na uzorku dece mlađeg školskog uzrasta.…”

Section: Uvodunclassified

Relation between achievements on Acadia test of developmental abilities and intelligence in younger school children

Buha¹,

Gligorović²

2015

Spec eduk i rehabilitacija

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Working memory and general intelligence: The role of short-term storage

Cited by 63 publications

References 27 publications

The genetic and environmental structure of verbal and visuospatial memory in young adults and children.

The genetic and environmental structure of verbal and visuospatial memory in young adults and children.

The magical numbers 7 and 4 are resistant to the Flynn effect: No evidence for increases in forward or backward recall across 85 years of data

Relation between achievements on Acadia test of developmental abilities and intelligence in younger school children

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