Worker reentry studies for captan applied to strawberries in California

Winterlin, Wray; Kilgore, Wendell W.; Mourer, Charles; Schoen, Sarah R.

doi:10.1021/jf00123a059

Cited by 33 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For applicators exposed to captan, our mean 24-h excretion values following the beginning of treatment period were equivalent to those obtained by Hines et al (2008), but lower than most of the other available studies. Likewise, our workers exposed to captan during harvesting exhibited lower THPI concentrations than those of other published studies (Winterlin et al, 1984;Winterlin et al, 1986;Krieger and Dinoff, 2000). In the other studies, larger amounts of captan were however applied and a wider treatment area was covered compared to the current study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

“…1 and 2), even though half-life of captan on leaf surfaces was estimated to be between 2.5 and 24 days (Frank et al, 1983;Winterlin et al, 1984;Stamper et al, 1987;el-Zemaity, 1988;Alary et al, 1995;Cabras et al, 1997Cabras et al, , 2000de Cock et al, 1998b;Tielemans et al, 1999;Phalen and Que Hee, 2003;US EPA, 2004). For folpet, however, results of the current study do not exclude the possibility that workers could be also exposed by oral or inhalation routes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some field studies have attempted to associate environmental measurements with biomonitoring data to assess captan exposure (Hansen et al, 1978;Winterlin et al, 1984;Winterlin et al, 1986;Maddy et al, 1989;Lavy et al, 1993;de Cock et al, 1995;Krieger and Dinoff, 2000;Hines et al, 2008), but poor correlations were obtained. These studies, as well as those of van Welie et al (1991) and of Verberk et al (1990) which used only biomonitoring, assessed worker exposure for a maximum three consecutive days, with incomplete collections; typical tasks involving potential exposure to captan (e.g.…”

Section: Captanmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Detailed Urinary Excretion Time Course Study of Captan and Folpet Biomarkers in Workers for the Estimation of Dose, Main Route-of-Entry and Most Appropriate Sampling and Analysis Strategies

Berthet¹,

Heredia-Ortiz²,

Vernez³

et al. 2012

Annals of Occupational Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Captan and folpet are two fungicides largely used in agriculture, but biomonitoring data are mostly limited to measurements of captan metabolite concentrations in spot urine samples of workers, which complicate interpretation of results in terms of internal dose estimation, daily variations according to tasks performed, and most plausible routes of exposure. This study aimed at performing repeated biological measurements of exposure to captan and folpet in field workers (i) to better assess internal dose along with main routes-of-entry according to tasks and (ii) to establish most appropriate sampling and analysis strategies. The detailed urinary excretion time courses of specific and non-specific biomarkers of exposure to captan and folpet were established in tree farmers (n 5 2) and grape growers (n 5 3) over a typical workweek (seven consecutive days), including spraying and harvest activities. The impact of the expression of urinary measurements [excretion rate values adjusted or not for creatinine or cumulative amounts over given time periods (8, 12, and 24 h)] was evaluated. Absorbed doses and main routes-of-entry were then estimated from the 24-h cumulative urinary amounts through the use of a kinetic model. The time courses showed that exposure levels were higher during spraying than harvest activities. Model simulations also suggest a limited absorption in the studied workers and an exposure mostly through the dermal route. It further pointed out the advantage of expressing biomarker values in terms of body weight-adjusted amounts in repeated 24-h urine collections as compared to concentrations or excretion rates in spot samples, without the necessity for creatinine corrections.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Captanmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Detailed Urinary Excretion Time Course Study of Captan and Folpet Biomarkers in Workers for the Estimation of Dose, Main Route-of-Entry and Most Appropriate Sampling and Analysis Strategies

Berthet¹,

Heredia-Ortiz²,

Vernez³

et al. 2012

Annals of Occupational Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, only a limited number of studies have used biomonitoring to assess captan exposure in workers (Hansen et al, 1978;Mcjilton et al, 1983;Winterlin et al, 1984Winterlin et al, , 1986Verberk et al, 1990;Krieger and Thongsinthusak, 1993;Lavy et al, 1993;de Cock et al, 1995de Cock et al, , 1998Krieger and Dinoff, 2000;Hines et al, 2008). Moreover, to our knowledge, no reports are available that describe biomonitoring of folpet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicokinetics of captan and folpet biomarkers in dermally exposed volunteers

Berthet

Bouchard

Vernez

2011

J of Applied Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To better assess biomonitoring data in workers exposed to captan and folpet, the kinetics of ring metabolites [tetrahydrophthalimide (THPI), phthalimide (PI) and phthalic acid] were determined in urine and plasma of dermally exposed volunteers. A 10 mg kg(-1) dose of each fungicide was applied on 80 cm(2) of the forearm and left without occlusion or washing for 24 h. Blood samples were withdrawn at fixed time periods over the 72 h following application and complete urine voids were collected over 96 h post-dosing, for metabolite analysis. In the hours following treatment, a progressive increase in plasma levels of THPI and PI was observed, with peak levels being reached at 24 h for THPI and 10 h for PI. The ensuing elimination phase appeared monophasic with a mean elimination half-life (t(½) ) of 24.7 and 29.7 h for THPI and PI, respectively. In urine, time courses PI and phthalic acid excretion rate rapidly evolved in parallel, and a mean elimination t(½) of 28.8 and 29.6 h, respectively, was calculated from these curves. THPI was eliminated slightly faster, with a mean t(½) of 18.7 h. Over the 96 h period post-application, metabolites were almost completely excreted, and on average 0.02% of captan dose was recovered in urine as THPI while 1.8% of the folpet dose was excreted as phthalic acid and 0.002% as PI, suggesting a low dermal absorption fraction for both fungicides. This study showed the potential use of THPI, PI and phthalic acid as key biomarkers of exposure to captan and folpet.

show abstract

“…Dermal exposure to pesticides constitutes the major route of pesticide exposure for agricultural workers, with the hands often accounting for most of the dermal exposure (Popendorf et al, 1979;Zwieg et al, 1983;Winterlin et al, 1984). Agricultural harvesters who manually harvest crops are potentially at risk of high hand exposure to pesticides due to foliar contact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acephate exposure and decontamination on tobacco harvesters' hands

Curwin

Hein

Sanderson

et al. 2003

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Agricultural workers manually harvesting tobacco have the potential for high dermal fexposure to pesticides, particularly on the hands. Often gloves are not worn as it hinders the harvesters' ability to harvest the tobacco leaves. To enable harvesters to remove pesticide residue on the hands and decrease absorbed doses, the EPA Worker Protection Standard requires growers to have hand-wash stations available in the field. The purpose of this study was to measure the concentration of acephate residue on the hands of tobacco harvesters, and the effectiveness of hand washing in reducing the acephate residue. Hand-wipes from the hands of 12 tobacco harvesters were collected at the end of the morning and at the end of the afternoon over 2 consecutive days. Each harvester had one hand-wiped prior to washing his hands, and the other hand-wiped after washing his hands with soap and water. In addition to the hand-wipe samples, leaf-wipe samples were collected from 15 tobacco plants to determine the amount of acephate residue on the plants. The average acephate level in leaf-wipe samples was 1.4 ng/cm 2 . The geometric mean prewash and postwash acephate levels on the hands were 10.5 and 0.4 ng/cm 2 , respectively. Both prewash (P-value ¼ 0.0009) and postwash hand (P-value ¼ 0.01) samples were positively correlated with leaf-wipe concentrations. Tobacco harvester position tended to influence hand exposure. Hand washing significantly reduced acephate levels on the hand, after adjusting for sampling period, hand sampled, job position, and leaf-wipe concentration (P-valuer0.0001) with levels reduced by 96%. A substantial amount of acephate was transferred to the hands, and while hand washing significantly reduced the amount of residue on the hands, not all residue was removed.

show abstract

Worker reentry studies for captan applied to strawberries in California

Cited by 33 publications

References 7 publications

A Detailed Urinary Excretion Time Course Study of Captan and Folpet Biomarkers in Workers for the Estimation of Dose, Main Route-of-Entry and Most Appropriate Sampling and Analysis Strategies

A Detailed Urinary Excretion Time Course Study of Captan and Folpet Biomarkers in Workers for the Estimation of Dose, Main Route-of-Entry and Most Appropriate Sampling and Analysis Strategies

Toxicokinetics of captan and folpet biomarkers in dermally exposed volunteers

Acephate exposure and decontamination on tobacco harvesters' hands

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About