Worker-Management Councils in Indonesia

Abstract

Numerous articles and books have been written on workermanagement cooperation.1 It may be of interest to students of industrial and political relations to study such arrangements in Asian countries. This article will discuss such an arrangement in one of the Asian countries—i.e., worker-management councils (dewan perusahaan) in Indonesia, as they have developed from 1960 up to June 1964.

Gotong Royong in Indonesian History

“…In Gotong Royong, there is a service and voluntary attitude (Purna & Wahyuningsih, 1996;Sutowo, 2017;Thomas, Selvadurai, Er, Lyndon, & Moorthy, 2011). Gotong Royong is a voluntary effort (Bintari & Darmawan, 2016;Duwata, 2013;Kamsori et al, 2007;Lim, Chan, Alsagoff, & Ha, 2014;Panglaykim, 1965;Pasya, 1987;Pranadji, 2009;Takwin, 2015) to voluntary work (Bourdieu, 1986;Coleman, 1990;Lin, 2001;Salehudin, Prasad, & Osmond, 2013) and voluntary activities (Braithwaite, 2011a;Salehudin et al, 2013). Gotong Royong in this case cannot be done if people do not want to volunteer their best abilities and skills for the benefit of others (Bintari & Darmawan, 2016;Duwata, 2013;Geertz, 1983a;Pasya, 1987;Pranadji, 2009;Sadjad, 2013;Salehudin et al, 2013;Simarmata et al, 2017;Takwin, 2015;Zakaria, 2017).…”

Gotong Royong in The Millennial Era

“…Gotong Royong means helping each other (Agustian, 2016;Bowen, 1986;John Braithwaite, 2011a, 2011bCarnegie, 2010;Fearnley-Sander, 2000;Geertz, 1983aGeertz, , 1983bHasan & Onyx, 2008;Hudalah et al, 2013;Jamal & Pomp, 1993;Magnis-Suseno, 1997;Marcillia & Ohno, 2012;Rafik-Galea, Mello, & Dass, 2013;Rajiani & Jumbri, 2011;Reimer, 1995;Salehudin, Prasad, & Osmond, 2013;Takwin, 2015) , lightening each other's work loads (Pasya, 1987), developing each other, making each other great (Guinness, 1994;Gunardo, 2013;Zakaria, 2017), respecting each other and honoring each other (Bintari & Darmawan, 2016;Fathurokhman, 2013;Ghazali, 2013;Guinness, 1986;Hasan & Onyx, 2008;Purna & Wahyuningsih, 1996;Sugiyanto & Khamadi, 2011;Takwin, 2015), making each other prosperous (Blackburn, 2004;Panglaykim, 1965;Rahmi et al, 2001;Zanegoebel, 2010) requiring each other (Khasanah, 2013), inspiring each other (Braithwaite, 2011(Braithwaite, , 2011bSalehudin et al, 2013), supporting each other (Baswedan, 2015;Swasono, 2017), and...…”